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ASSIGNMENT 4: CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Ryan Kuser Anatomy & Physiology G English 45 cards

Cards in this deck (45)

  1. 1Connective tissue is found where in the body?everywhere!
    It is the most abundance tissue type by WEIGHT
  2. 2Connective tissue is derived from? and is composed of?MESODERM
    and is composed of:
    nonliving extracellular matrix
    (all connective tissues consist of cells embedded in a nonliving matrix)
  3. 3The nonliving matrix surrounds and separates the cells and it provides important structural and nutritional support that enables connective tissue cells to?exist further apart than epithelial cells
  4. 4unlike epithelial tissue, connective tissue is? (blood)Vascularized (contains a blood supply)
  5. 5Connective tissue is made up of 3 components?1. Ground substance
    2. extracellular fibers
    3. cells
  6. 6Extracellular fiber + ground substance =extracellular matrix
  7. 7Examples of connective tissue are?Blood
    tendon
    fat
    cartilage
    bone
  8. 8Why does connective tissue take on different appearances and textures?variations in the GROUND SUBSTANCE and in the FIBER enable the tissue to take on many different qualities
  9. 9The ground substance can be either?Liquid
    Gel
    or
    Solid
  10. 10What are the 3 main functions of the ground substance?1. protects cells in tissue
    2. is the medium for which exchange of nutrients and waste with bloodstream
    3. acts as a barrier against microorganisms
  11. 11Ground substance is made of ?glycoprotein called glycosaminoglycans or GAGs and the most common one is hyaluronic acid w/ protein
  12. 12What are the 3 types of fibers in connective tissue?1. collagenous
    2. reticular
    3. elastic
  13. 13which fiber is most commonly found in the body ?collagenous
  14. 14Collagenous fibers are found where and why?IN ligaments and tendons because they are strong and withstand lots of pulling and stretching.
  15. 15Collagenous fibers are made up of?the protein collagen
  16. 16Collagenous fibers are also known as ?White fibers
  17. 17Reticular fibers are like collagenous butlike in that they are made up of COLLAGEN but they are not thick or strong but delicate and provide support for highly cellular organs like lymph nodes, bone marrow, and endocrine glands, and liver
  18. 18Elastic fibers are made up ofthe protein Elastin
  19. 19Elastic fibers are similar to reticular fibers because ?they are branched and form a network but they are not strong like collagenous
  20. 20Elastic fibers are found?in tissues that are subject to lots of stretching like vocal chords, lungs, and skin
  21. 21Elastic fibers are also known as?yellow fibers
  22. 222 major categories of cells in connective tissue arE?1. Fixed
    2. Transient
  23. 23Fixed cells=cells that remain in connective tissue
  24. 24Transient cells=Cells that pass in and out of connective tissue
  25. 25The ICONIC fixed cell=Fibroblast
  26. 26Fibroblast=a large cell that makes and secretes both the fibers and ground substance characteristic of their particular matrix.
  27. 27As the cell matures and the matrix is formed, the fibroblasts take on a less active and become?-cyte
    fibrocyte
    But if more matrix is needed later they return to
    -blast
  28. 283 common Wandering cells?1. Leukocytes
    2. Mast cells
    3. Macrophages
  29. 29Leukocytes are?WHITE BLOOD CELLS that are found in blood
  30. 30Leukocytes move?IN and out of connective tissue in LARGE numbers when there is an infection
  31. 31Leukocytes are ___ than RBCare larger but can squeeze through walls of blood vessels into surrounding tissue, which is a process called
    DIAPEDESIS
  32. 32Leukocytes protect the body by?1. Engulfing and digesting invading microbes
    2. Making antibodies that attach to microbes and DESTROY THEM
  33. 33Mast cells are?Oval cells that have many dark-staining granules in cytoplasm
  34. 34Mast cells dark staining granules contain?Histamine and Heparin
    (biochemicals that initiate an inflammatory response when released into the tissue)
  35. 35Histamine=increases blood flow to an area by making capillaries leaky
  36. 36Heparin=prevents blood from clotting so pathways for increased blood flow remain open
  37. 37Mast cells are found near?blood vessels where they can release their contents directly into the bloodstream to protect against foreign bodies. When they come in contact with these foreign bodies they burst releasing their granules
  38. 38Macrophages are?Massive phagocytizing scavengers that can be either fixed or transient in connective tissue
  39. 39Macrophages do what?Engulf microbes, dead cells, and debris and digest it in lysosome
  40. 40Mobile Macrophages are drawn where?To sites of infection or inflammation where they aggressively move through and engulf any micro invaders
  41. 41Macrophages go by different names -Liver -Brain -Loose connective tissueKupffer cells (liver)
    Microglial cells (brain)
    Histocytes (loose connective tissue)
  42. 42What are the 2 broad categories of connective tissue?1. Connective tissue proper
    2. Specialized connective tissue
  43. 43Connective tissue proper is further divided into?Loose Connective
    +
    Dense Connective
  44. 44Loose connective tissue contains?Areolar
    Adipose
    Reticular tissue
  45. 45Dense connective tissue contains?Dense regular
    Dense irregular
    Elastic tissue

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G Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards on ASSIGNMENT 4: CONNECTIVE TISSUE , created by Ryan Kuser on 12/09/2016.
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Ryan Kuser
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