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| Question | Answer |
| The phallic stage | The 3rd stage of psychosexual development in which the libido is focused on the genitals |
| The Oedipus complex | Part of the phallic stage. Involves desire for sexual involvement with a parent of an opposite sex and rivalry with the parent of the same sex |
| Two objections in Freud's case study & two extras | 1. Hans is not a normal child, therefore conclusions that are true for him cannot be applied to other children. 2. Analysis of a child was conducted by his father, who was instilled by Freud's theoretical views and prejudices. It lacks objectivity Extras: 1. During the analysis, Hans had to be told many things he couldn't say himself. He had to be presented with thoughts which he had shown no sight of possessing. His attention had to be turn in the direction from which his father was expecting something to come. 2. Freud analysed the behaviors of Hans from the stories told by the father - he met Hans once. |
| 1st evidence for the phallic stage | His lively interest in his widdler. Hans assumed that all animate objects had widdlers, including his parents. His mother, he thought, must have a widdler like a horse. Driven by natural & normal curiosity Hans asked his both parents about their widdlers. Rather than answering the question, which would have satisfied his curiosity, they said nothing. Undeterred, Hans tried to observe other people's widdlers. He watched his 7 years old sister being given a bath and commented : 'but her widdler's still quite small' assuming it would grow in size as she grew older |
| 2nd evidence for phallic stage | His mother found him touching his widdler when he was 3.5 years old. She threatened him that if he does that, she will send Dr A to cut off his widdler. Apparently he liked giving himself feelings of pleasure by touching his widdler and masturbating every day. |
| 1st evidence of the early beginnings of Oedipus complex | When he was 4.25 years old Hans was being given his usual daily bath by his mother, and afterwards dried & powdered. As his mother was powdering around the penis trying not to touch it, Hans said: 'Why don't you put your finger there? When his mother said it would be inappropriate, Hans laughed and said: 'But it's great fun'. |
| 2nd evidence of Oedipus complex | 'The giraffe episode'. Hans told a story about a big giraffe in a room & a crumpled one. Apparently the big one called out and Hans took the crumpled one away. Hans said he then sat down on the crumpled giraffe. Puzzled, Hans father asked him to clarify. Hans brought a piece of paper, crumpled it & then sat on it. Still puzzled, the father told the story to Freud. Freud believed that the big giraffe was the father & the crumpled one - the mother & Hans wanted the father removed so he could be with his mother. |
| The phobia. Horses | One day when Hans was out in the streets with his mother, he was seized with an attack of anxiety. He was terrified that a black horse would bite him. Apparently, Hans hand seen a 'bus horse' fall down & he thought the horse was dead. His father suggested to Hans that when he saw the horse fall down Hans must have thought of him (leading q) & wished that he (his father) might fall down in the same way & be dead. The reason why Hans made this association was that Han's father looked like a horse. Freud wrote that the bridle looked like mustaches and eyeglasses, & have been directly transported from his father onto the horses. But Hans was afraid of both, black & white horses. The answer was that a Dr A looked like a white horse, & Hans was threatened that a Dr A would cut off his widdler - so Hans feared white horses |
| The phobia. Heavily loaded carts, furniture vans & buses. | Hans was occupied with faeces & showed disgust at things that reminded him of evacuating his bowels. His father recognized the similarity between these two, such as the way a cart drives through a gateway & the way in which faeces leave the body. However, Hans was not in the anal stage, so this couldn't be possible. The answer was that the heavily loaded carts represented his mother's pregnancy. The fantasy about a plumber confirmed this. |
| The fantasy. Plumber. | 'Daddy, I thought something: I was in the bath, and the plumber came & unscrewed it. Then he took a big borer & stuck it into my stomach. ' This could only be a fantasy of procreation, distorted by anxiety. |
| The fantasy. Imaginary children. | Hans was the father, his father - grandfather, his mother - grandmother. This showed that Hans was moving towards normal sexual development & in the process his castration anxiety & phobias were resolved. |
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