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| Question | Answer |
| Hydraulic Action | The force of flowing water washes away any loose material on the bed and banks |
| Corrasion | Stones carried by the river are washed into the bed and banks, wearing them away. |
| Solution/corrosion (erosion) | The slightly acidic river water dissolves rocks made of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) |
| Attrition | Stones collide together and are broken down. They become smaller and rounder. |
| Erosion | The wearing away of land. Rivers can erode in 4 ways: Hydraulic action, corrasion, solution and attrition. |
| Load | The material carried by a river. The load is transported in 4 ways: Traction, saltation, suspension and solution. |
| Traction | Stones are rolled along the river bed by the force of the water. |
| Saltation | Small stones are bounced along the river bed by the flowing water. |
| Suspension | Particles of silt and clay float and are carried along in the flowing water. |
| Solution (transport) | Some minerals dissolve in water. Limestone, for example, slowly dissolves. |
| Deposition | If a river slows down (steep land, less water) it has less energy to carry its load, so it is dropped. Rivers slow down and deposit material on the inside of meander bends, in shallow water and when they reach the sea. |
| Drainage Basin | An area of land drained by a river and its tributaries. |
| Source | Most rivers have their source in the mountains. |
| Watershed | An area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas. Precipitation that falls within the watershed drains into the river system. |
| Tributary | A small river or stream flowing into a larger river. They join the river as it journeys towards the sea. They meet at the river's mouth. |
| Mouth | The end of the river where it empties into another body of water such as the sea. |
| Landforms | Natural landscape that exists because of water. |
| Examples of landforms | V-shaped valleys, waterfalls, meanders, oxbow lakes, floodplains. |
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