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Description
Flashcards by Bethany Westwood, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Bethany Westwood
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a gamete? | A sex cell |
| What is a zygote? | A fertilised cell |
| What kind of cells are produced from meiosis? | Haploid cells |
| Special name for meiosis? | Reduction division |
| What are homologous chromosomes? | Matching sets of chromosomes with the same genes at the same loci |
| What is an allele? | A different version of the same gene e.g. eye colour gene, same type of gene, different eye colours |
| What happens at prophase 1? | - Chromosomes condense - Nuclear envelop disintegrates - Nucleolus disappears - Spindle formation begins - Homologous chromosomes pair up forming bilavents |
| What happens at metaphase 1? | - Homologous pairs of chromosomes assemble along metaphase plate - Independent assortment = random lining up of chromosomes |
| What happens at anaphase 1? | - Homologous chromosomes pulled to opposite poles and chromatids stay joined - Sections of DNA on 'sister' chromatids break off and rejoin at chiasmata - Forms recombiant chromatids - Genetic variation arises |
| What happens at telophase 1? | - Chromosomes assemble at each pole - Nuclear membrane reforms - Chromosomes uncoil - Cytokinesis |
| What happens at prophase 2? | - Chromosomes condense - Nuclear envelope breaks down - Spindle formation begins |
| What happens at metaphase 2? | - Individual chromosomes assemble on metaphase plate - Crossing over causes independent assortment - More genetic variation |
| What happens at anaphase 2? | - Chromatids pulled to opposite poles after division of centromeres |
| What happens at telophase 2? | - Chromatids assemble at poles - Chromosomes uncoil - Nuclear envelope reforms - Nucleolus becomes visible - Cytokinesis |
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