Flashcards
Psychology AQA GCSE Stereotyping, Prejudice and Discrimination
Cards in this deck (41)
- 1Stereotypean oversimplified, generalised set of ideas that we have about others. For example secondary head teachers are strict, intimidating, scary and male
- 2Rubin et al AimTo find out if new parents stereotype their babies
- 3Rubin et al MethodParents were asked to describe their new babies within 24 hours of the baby being born
- 4Rubin et al ResultsThey found that parents of baby boys described their babies as being alert and strong, whereas parents of baby girls described their babies as soft and delicate
- 5Rubin et al ConclusionParents stereotype their children from a very early age, despite no stereotypical behaviour being shown.
- 6Role ModelSomeone who a child looks up to and is likely to copy
- 7Stereotypes Advantages-Helpful for making snap judgments when we don't have time to make a full impression
-Help remember information
about people
-Help us to respond appropriately when meeting new people
-Enable us to fit in - 8Stereotypes Disadvantages-Can stop us from seeing the real person when meeting someone new
-Most stereotypes promote
harmful images
-Once learnt by children they may be difficult to overcome - 9Prejudicea rigid set of attitudes or beliefs towards a particular set of people. These are usually negative but
not always - 10DiscriminationThe way an individual behaves toward another person or group as a result of their prejudiced views. Usually negative but not always.
- 11Adorno AimTo find out if there is a relationship between a person's personality type and their prejudiced beliefs
- 12Adorno MethodHundreds of people were interviewed and tested using
the F-scale - 13Adorno ResultsThey found a relationship between personality traits and
prejudiced beliefs - 14Adorno ConclusionThere is an authoritarian personality and people with these characteristics are highly likely to be prejudiced against others
- 15Authoritarian Personalitya personality type that is prone to being prejudiced
- 16Sherif AimTo find out if prejudice develops when groups are in competition for scarce resources
- 17Sherif Method22 boys in a summer camp were randomly split into two teams who were kept away from each other, unaware that the other team existed. The boys were given time to form a group identity. Then they discovered each other and a series of competitions for a silver cup began.
- 18Sherif ResultsVery quickly the teams began unpleasant name calling and began attacking each other
- 19Sherif ConclusionCompetition is a cause of prejudice
- 20In-groupa group of people you believe you have something in common with.
E.g. people of the same nationality as you - 21Out-groupa group of people whom you believe you have nothing in common with
- 22Tajfel AimTo show how easily people discriminate against their out-groups
- 23Tajfel Method14-15 year old boys were randomly assigned to two groups. Each boy was given a game to play where he had to award pairs of points. They were told the points could be exchanged for prizes at the end
- 24Tajfel ResultsThe boys awarded points by choosing the pairings that created the greatest difference between the groups, not the pairings that gave them the most points.
- 25Tajfel ConclusionPeople will discriminate against others just because they are members of an out-group
- 26Sherif Reducing Prejudice AimTo see how Prejudice could
be reduced - 27Sherif Reducing Prejudice MethodFirstly he arranged joint activities (e.g. trips to the cinema) for the two groups. This didn't work =( . Then he arranged for their truck to get stuck in the mud, forcing them to pull the Truck out or be late for Dinner.
- 28Sherif Reducing Prejudice ResultsThis effectively reduced prejudice as the two groups were forced to collaborate on the same task.
- 29Sherif Reducing Prejudice ConclusionCo-operation on important tasks is one way of reducing prejudice between groups
- 30Aronson AimTo reduce prejudice between black and white students in a school in the USA
- 31Aronson MethodHe devised the jigsaw method in which students were in a mixed race group and each took responsibility for part of the lesson. They then had to pass on this knowledge to other students in their class
- 32Aronson ResultsThis enhanced their self-esteem, increased their liking of their classmates and improved their perceptions of other racial groups within the class.
- 33Aronson ConclusionHaving each student responsible for their own and other's learning successfully reduced prejudice
- 34Elliott AimTo teach her class how it felt like to be victims of discrimination
- 35Elliott MethodElliott told her class that: blue-eyed children were smarter and better than brown-eyed children and that Brown-eyed children were not allowed to play with blue-eyed children or use the drinking fountain. The next day she reversed the experiment
- 36Elliott ResultsThe children who were discriminating were delighted, arrogant and became vicious. The children who were discriminated against were sad, confused and withdrawn. Fights broke out between children who were once best friends
- 37Elliott ConclusionElliott believed that, by getting the children to experience first hand what it felt like to be victims of prejudice and discrimination, these children would grow up being more tolerant than others
- 38Harwood AimTo investigate children's views of the elderly
- 39Harwood MethodHe asked children and their Grandparents about their relationship. The children were also questioned about their views of elderly people in general
- 40Harwood ResultsChildren who had regular contact with Grandparents had positive views toward elderly people
- 41Harwood ConclusionContact with grandparents is a good predictor of a child's attitudes toward the elderly.
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- All you need to know for this unit of Psychology. Good luck =)
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- Natalia Cliff
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