Computer Systems

Computer Systems

1. Hardware

   • Parts that you can physically touch and see
   • Input
     • Mouse
     • Keyboard
   • Outputs
     • Monitor
     • Speaker

2. Soft ware

   • Applications
   • Operating system

3. Architechture

   • Von Neumann
   • Harvard

4. Types of computer

   • General purpose computers- This generally refers to those systems that can be programmed to perform a wide range of tasks
   • Dedicated systems- These are produced to perform a single function of set of functions
   • Control systems- These are designed simply to control machinery

5. Embedded System

   • A computer system that forms part of an electronic device
   • Traffic lights
   • Aeroplane avionics

6. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

   • Contains the control unit, ALU and cache memory
     • ALU(Arithmetic and logic unit)
       • Performs all the arithmetic and logical operations within the CPU
     • Control Unit (CU)
       • Works with the CPU to control the flow of data within the system and to decode instructions.
     • Cache
       • random access memory (RAM) that a computer microprocessor can access more quickly than it can access regular RAM
   • Buses
     • A part of the computer architecture that transfers data and signals between the components of the computer
     • Data Bus
       • Carries data between the CPU and memory- is Bi diresctional
     • Control Bus
       • Carries control signals around the CPU and memory
     • Address Bus
       • Carries memory addresses for locations to be read from or written to- Uni derectional

7. Register

   • Program Counter (PC)
     • Stores the location of the next instruction in a program to be executed
   • Memory Address Register (MAR)
     • Stores the location for data to be fetched from or sent to memory

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