Ionic Bonding

Ionic Bonding

1. An ion is an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge. Ions form when atoms lose or gain electrons to obtain a full outer shell

2. metal atoms lose electrons to form positively charged ions

3. non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negatively charged ions

4. Metal atoms lose electrons from their outer shell when they form ions:

5. the ions are positive, because they have more protons than electrons

6. the ions have the electronic structure of a noble gas (group 0 element), with a full outer shell

7. For elements in groups 1, 2 and 3, the number of electrons lost is the same as the group number.

8. The outer shells of non-metal atoms gain electrons when they form ions:

9. the ions formed are negative, because they have more electrons than protons

10. the ions have electronic structure of a nobal gas (group 0 element) with a full outer shell

11. question Iodine is in group 7. What is the charge on its ions, and is the charge positive or negative?

    • answer The charge is negative, scince iodine ios a non metal. The charge on the ion is (8-7)=1.

12. Worked example Sulfur is in group 6 of the periodic table. What is the charge on its ions, and is the charge positive or negative? The charge is negative, since sulfur is a non-metal. The charge on the ion is (8 - 6) = 2

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