Antibiotics

Antibiotics

Beta-lactams
1. Natural penicillin
  1. Strep. pyogenes, N.meningitidis
2. Aminopencillins: Amoxicillin, Ampicillin
  1. RTI, E.coli
3. Pencillinase resistance: Methicillin, Flucloxacillin, Dicloxacillin
  1. Staph aureus
4. Beta lactamase inhibitors
  1. Augmentin: Amox+Clav
    1. Diabetic foot
  2. Timentin: Tic+Clav
    1. Diabetic foot, P.aeruginosa
  3. Tazocin: Pip+Tazobac
    1. Diabetic foot, P.aeruginosa
5. Cephalosporins
  1. 1st gen: Cephalexin, Cephalothin
    1. Staph aureus, UTI
  2. 2nd gen: Cefaclor, Cefuroxime
    1. RTI, no MRSA
  3. 3rd gen: Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime
    1. Ceftriaxone
      1. Empirical meningitis, N.gonorrhoea
    2. Cefotaxime
      1. P.aeruginosa
  4. 4th gen: Cefepime, Cefpirome
    1. Gram +/-, no enterococcal
6. Carbapenems: Meropenem, Ertapenem
  1. ESBL
7. Glycopeptides: Vancomycin
  1. MRSA, Gram +
Inhibit protein synthesis
1. Aminoglycosides: Gentamicin, Paromomycin, Tobramycin
2. Macrolides
  1. Erythromycin Roxithromycin
    1. MRSA skin
    2. Strep pyogenes
  2. Azithromycin
    1. Chlamydia trachomatis
    2. CAP
  3. Clarithromycin
3. Lincosamide: Clindamycin
  1. Bacteriostatic, 2nd Staph aureus, Gas gangrene
4. Tetracyclines: Doxycyline
  1. Atypical pnuemonia
Inhibit DNA synthesis
1. Cotrimoxazole
  1. Trimethoprim
    1. UTI
  2. Sulphamethoxazole + Trimethoprim
    1. Gram -, 2nd line MRSA
2. Quinolones
  1. Norfloxacin
    1. Gram - UTI
  2. Ciprofloxacin
    1. Meningitis prophylaxis & carrier
  3. Moxifloxacin
3. Nitroimidazoles: Metronidazole
  1. Anaerobes, Protozoa
4. Monobactams: Aztreonam
  1. P.aeruginosa
Nitrofurantion
1. UTI: E.coli, P.mirabilis

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	Created by Emma Jones over 10 years ago