TEACHING LISTENING

Description

Mind Map on TEACHING LISTENING, created by Mariana Mendez on 25/09/2019.
Mariana  Mendez
Mind Map by Mariana Mendez, updated more than 1 year ago
Mariana  Mendez
Created by Mariana Mendez almost 5 years ago
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Resource summary

TEACHING LISTENING
  1. Listening comprehension
    1. Top-down process: to use background knowledge to understand meaning.
      1. Bottom-up process: to build meaning starting from a lower linguistic level.
        1. Interactive process
          1. creation of 'image' from 'raw speech'
            1. definition of type of speech and 'colouring'
              1. inference of messages's function
                1. interpretation through association with own schemata
                  1. grant of literal meaning
                    1. match-making of perceived and intended meanings
                      1. determination of information storage: short-term or long-term memory
                        1. deletion of original message
                      2. Helping to develop listening skills
                        1. focusing listening
                          1. for gist
                            1. for specific details
                              1. for language purposes
                                1. repetition
                                2. preparing students
                                  1. background knowledge
                                    1. predicting
                                      1. pre-teaching key vocabulary
                                        1. guessing meaning
                                          1. identifying
                                            1. connected speech
                                              1. linked words
                                            2. pre-defining activity
                                              1. increasingly challenging tasks
                                                1. clear objectives
                                                  1. linguistic skills
                                                    1. experiential content
                                                    2. schema-building tasks
                                                  2. Interactive Approach
                                                    1. intensive: focuses on language components; includes bottom-up skills
                                                      1. selective: to scan the material for specific information
                                                        1. extensive: to understand message or purpose; it entails top-down skills
                                                          1. responsive: to elicit rapid answers from listeners
                                                            1. reactive: listener as a 'tape recorder', does not generate meaning.
                                                              1. interactive: includes all abovementioned; listeners have active role
                                                              2. Comprehension Approach
                                                                1. extensive-listening stage
                                                                  1. preset question or task
                                                                    1. intensive listening
                                                                      1. language focus
                                                                        1. final listening
                                                                          1. pre-listening stage
                                                                          2. Difficulties to consider
                                                                            1. clustering
                                                                              1. redundancy
                                                                                1. reduced forms
                                                                                  1. colloquial language
                                                                                    1. stress, rhythm & intonation
                                                                                      1. rate of delivery
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