ICT

ICT

1. Types and Components of Computer Systems

   • Examples
     • Hardware
       • Keyboard, Monitor, Processor, Speakers, Mouse, Fixed Hard Disks, ROM/ RAM, Printer, Web Cam
     • Software
       • Operating system, word processing package, presentation package
   • ROM & RAM
     • ROM
       • Read Only Memory Non - Volatile, holds boot instructions and data that can't be changed by the user including BIOS
     • RAM
       • Random Access Memory Volatile can be written to holds software held by the user
   • OS
     • Functions
       • Handles inputs and outputs Recognises Hardware Supervises the running of other programs Handles the storage of data Maximises use of computer memory Handles interrupts and decides what action to take
   • Interfaces
     • GUI
       • Graphical User Interface WIMP Interaction Windows Icons Menus Pointers
     • CLI
       • The commands must be typed exactly and remembered
     • Post - WIMP
       • Pinching Rotating wiping
   • Types of Computer
     • Mainframe
     • Desktop
     • Laptop
     • PDA

2. Input and Output Devices

   • Input
     • Keyboard Numeric Keypad Mouse Touchpad Trackerball Remote Control Joystick Touch Screen Magnetic Stripe Readers Chip Readers and PIN readers Scanner Digital Cameras Sensors Graphics Tablet OMR OCR Bar Code Readers Video Cameras Web Cam Light Pen
   • Output
     • Monitors, Printers, Speakers, Actuators, Motors, Buzzers, Heaters

3. Storage Devices and media

   • Ways of accessing data
     • Series/Sequential
       • Data is accessed by storage media by starting at the beginning and searching until the required data is found
     • Direct/Random
       • The data is accessed immediately from the storage media