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Theories

Mind Map by , created over 12 years ago
PYH400 Thesis PSY2030 Developmental Psychology Mind Map on Theories, created by Megan Wilson on 07/10/2013.

Resource summary

Theories
  1. Psychodynamic
    1. Freud

      Annotations:

      • Main focus: Personality, psychoanalytic Key concepts: id, ego, super ego; psychosexual conflicts; defence mechanisms STAGE THEORY

      Attachments:

      1. Erikson

        Annotations:

        • Main focus: Personality; psychosocial Key concepts: lifespan development; psychosocial crisis STAGE THEORY
        1. Mahler

          Annotations:

          • Main focus: personality (social, emotional self) Key concepts: birth of psychological self; separation-individuation STAGE THEORY
          1. Stern

            Annotations:

            • Main focus: personality (interpersonal, cognitive, emotional self) Key concepts: Interpersonal sense of self; RIGS STAGE THEORY
          2. Behavioural
            1. Skinner

              Annotations:

              • Main focus: Learning Key concepts: Operant conditioning, reinforcement, punishment
              1. Pavlov

                Annotations:

                • Main focus: learning Key concepts: Classical conditioning
              2. Cognitive
                1. Piaget

                  Annotations:

                  • Main focus: Cognitive (thinking, problem solving) Key concepts: Schemes, assimilation, accommodation, equilibrium, mental space (Neo-piagetian) STAGE THEORY
                  1. Case; Fischer

                    Annotations:

                    • Main focus: cognitive; problem-solving skills and capabilities Key concepts: skill acquisition; optimal performance; higher level skills PROCESS-ORIENTED THEORY
                    1. Information Processing

                      Annotations:

                      • Main focus: cognitive; processing of info; problem solving and other mental abilities Key concepts: sensory register; STM; LTM; metacognition, knowledge base, control processes PROCESS-ORIENTED THEORY
                    2. Contextual
                      1. Lorenz, Tinbergen (ethological)

                        Annotations:

                        • Main focus: Adaptation to biological and ethological contexts Key concepts: Behavioural dispositions; evolutionary adaptations PROCESS-ORIENTED THEORY
                        1. Bronfenbrenner (ecological)

                          Annotations:

                          • Main focus: interactive contextual influences Key concepts: microsystem, exosystem, mesosystem, macrosystem PROCESS-ORIENTED THEORY
                          1. Vygotsky (sociocultural)

                            Annotations:

                            • Main focus: contextual; cultural/historical influences Key concepts: Dialogues; zone of proximal development (ZPD) PROCESS-ORIENTED THEORY
                            1. Lerner & Elder

                              Annotations:

                              • Main focus: individual change within social and historical contexts Key concepts: Multiple organisational levels of reciprocal, dynamic change; social trajectories
                            2. Adult & Lifespan
                              1. Normative-crisis

                                Annotations:

                                • Main focus: personality (social, behaviour, life structure, coping mechanisms) Key concepts: Adult development; mature coping mechanisms (Vaillant); eras; transitions, and life structures (Levinson). STAGE THEORY
                                1. Timing-of-events

                                  Annotations:

                                  • Main focus: Personality (social, behaviour, life structure) Key concepts: Adult development; normative & non-normative events; social clock PROCESS-ORIENTED
                                  1. Dynamic Systems

                                    Annotations:

                                    • Main focus: Change is ongoing Key concepts: Biological makeup, differences in individual skills STAGE-LIKE
                                  2. Social Cognitive Learning
                                    1. Bandura

                                      Annotations:

                                      • Main Focus: learning behaviour, cognitive response patterns, social roles Key concepts: imitation, social learning, modelling, cog. learning, reciprocal determinism, skills, capabilities PROCESS-ORIENTATED
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