AP Gov Cases (Unit 3)

AP Gov Cases (Unit 3)

1. Barrons V. Baltimore (1833)

   • Barron sued city, claiming that property had been damaged. Argued 5th Amend.
   • Ruling: Bill of Rights does not apply to states, Only restricted the National Government.

2. Gibbons V. Ogden (1824)

   • Question on who should regulate after monopoly was granted to a private company.
   • National Government wins, Has power to regulate interstate commerce.
   • Interpreted the commerce clause for the first time, dramatically increased national power over the states.

3. Gitlow V. New York (1925)

   • Gitlow argued that state law was in violation of the free speech clause of the 1st Amendment
   • Decided Bill of Rights did apply to states, Due Process clause of 14th Amendment guarantees application to the states.
     • States were not free to violate these rights.

4. Heart of Atlanta Motel V. United States

   • Hotel owner refused to accept african american customers at hotel on the grounds that his business was intrastate.
   • Business served interstate travels, therefore was subject to conditions of Civil Rights Act of 1964.
     • Used the commerce clause to force private businesses to abide by the Civil RIghts Act.

5. McCulloch V. Maryland (1819)

   • State of Maryland argued that power to create bank was not among the delegated powers of Congress.
   • Dismissed charges, bank was constitutional due to implied power ('collect taxes, borrow money and regulate commerce')
     • Affirmed the Supremacy Clause- expanded power of the National Government.

6. United States V. Lopez (1995)

   • Convicted of violating the GFSZA, argued that congress did not have power to adopt GFSZA in the first place.
   • Supreme Court ruled that GFSZA was unconstitutional and overturned Lopez's conviction.
   • Case begins to restrict power of the National Gov't.