Prétérit

Prétérit

1. temps du passé

   • action terminée
   • action datée
     • indication de temps
       • date
       • jour, mois, année
       • complément circonstanciel de temps

2. verbes d'action

   • forme affirmative
     • verbes réguliers
       • base verbale (V) + terminaison -ed
         • ex: I watched
           • base verbale = watch à laquelle on ajoute -ed
     • verbes irréguliers
       • liste à apprendre par coeur
         • ex: steal - stole - stolen le 1er verbe correspond à la base verbale (steal) le 2ème à la forme du prétérit de cette abse verbale (stole) le 3ème au participe passé de ce verbe (stolen)
         • ex: I stole
   • forme négative
     • tous les verbes
       • réguliers et irréguliers
       • didn't + V
         • didn't = auxiliaire did (do au prétérit) + négation not
         • ex: I didn't watch
         • ex: I didn't steal
   • forme interrogative
     • tous les verbes
       • (wh-word) + did + sujet + V + (complément)
         • ex: what did you watch on TV last night?
           • wh word = what did sujet = you V = watch complément = on TV last night
         • ex: when did the thief steal the painting?
           • wh word = when did sujet = the thief V = steal complément = the painting
       • exception: lorsque la question porte sur le sujet
         • wh-word = who ou how many
           • wh-word + V-ed + (complément)?
             • ex: Who stole the painting?

3. verbe Be

   • forme affirmative
     • was
       • I , he, she, it
     • were
       • you, we, they
   • forme négative
     • was not / wasn't
       • was not = forme pleine wasn't = forme contractée
       • I , he, she, it
     • were not / weren't
       • were not = forme pleine weren't = forme contractée
       • you, we, they
   • forme interrogative
     • (wh-word) + was + I , he, she , it + (complément)?
     • (wh-word) + were + you, we, they + (complément)?

4. prétérit be + V-ing

   • action secondaire, de fond, qui pose le décor
     • était en train de...
     • tous les verbes
       • be au prétérit + base verbale avec la terminaison -ing
         • forme affirmative
           • I was looking around the library
           • They were chatting
         • forme négative
           • I wasn't looking around the library
           • They weren't chatting
         • forme interrogative
           • What were you doing yesterday?
           • Was she visiting the house?