Fundementals in Chem

Fundementals in Chem

1. Atoms and Elements

   • Atom
     • protons
       • overall charge of +1
       • Inside Nucleas
     • Nucleas
       • Neutrons
         • overall charge of 0
     • Electron
       • Travels around in shells. Shells are energy levels. 
       • overall charge of -1
       • shells
         • 1st shell - 2 electrons 2nd shell- 8 electrons 3rd shell - 8 electrons
         • Bonding
           • Covalent Bondiing
             • Sharing of electrons
             • Molecules
       • Ions
         • When atoms lose or gain electrons they form positive or negative ions
   • element
     • 1 or more of the same type of atom 
     • Compound
       • Ionic Bonding
         • Metal loses an electron to form a positive metal ion. Non metal gains elctron lost by metal to form a negative ion compound

2. The periodic Table

   • Atomic Number
     • How many protons are in the nucleas
   • Mass Number
     • How many protons and electrons are in the atom
   • Groups
     • Groups in the periodic table show how many electrons are in the outside shell of the atom of that specific element in that group
     • All elements in one group have got similar properties
     • Noble Gases