Evolutionary Explanations of Food Preference

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A level Psychology A2 (Eating Behaviours) Mind Map on Evolutionary Explanations of Food Preference, created by Stephanie Bates on 31/03/2014.
Stephanie Bates
Mind Map by Stephanie Bates, updated more than 1 year ago
Stephanie Bates
Created by Stephanie Bates over 10 years ago
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Evolutionary Explanations of Food Preference
  1. Main assumption- food preferences advantages to hunter/gatherer
    1. Eating beh/ adaptive - inc/ survival
      1. Evolutionary past still inf/s food preferences today
        1. Taste Receptors
          1. 5 - sensitive to range of food qualities (ancestors - dangerous) 1) Sweet - Sugar (energy), 2) Sour - gone off (bacteria), 3) Salt - all cells need to function, 4) Bitter - poisonous plant chemicals, 5) Umami - meaty/savoury (protein)
            1. Benton (2002) - Sweet food reduce distress in babies.
            2. Neophobia
              1. Fear and avoid new foods - evolved when new food stuffs could be poisonous. Sticking to familiar foods inc/ survival (safe)
                1. Frost (2006) - Inc/ liking for to food as more familiar.
                2. Taste Aversion
                  1. Avoid foods that make them sick. Powerful mechanisms to keep alive
                    1. Garcia et al. (1977) - Wolves - lamb laced w/ poison - sick. Sniff live sheep - leave alone. Learnt instant aversion.
                      1. Rats - poisoned + fed unfamiliar food = avoid
                        1. Morning sickness - "Embryo Protection Hypothesis". Nausea - early months (coffee, alcohol, eggs). Evolutionary - damage developing baby
                          1. Buss (2008) - Foods consistently avoided - 75% morning sickness to meat +eggs (toxins, bacteria)
                        2. Speculative - Impossible to test - explanations rely on obs/ modern beh/ - lacks direct support
                          1. IDA - Limited - ignore psychological, social, cultural factors. (Parents/ peers inf/ - obs/ learning + modelling). Religious beliefs (Kosher)
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