parenteal Medication - created from Mind Map

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Intramuscular

rapid absorption, distribution and action

used on unconscious patients, GIT disturbances

uncooperative

needle gauge- 21g -23g

upto 4mLs except deltoid

( 1-2 in children)

things to consider when administering - site away from large nerve, bones blood vessels infection, odema, inflamation - coagulation of the patient blood - medication apropriate best place to administer- ventrogluteal deltoid can only take 1mL of the injection "Z tracking"

complications include - abscess-Necrosis- nerve injuries -lingering pain skin slough

injection sites - ventrogluteal - best place to administer

dorsalgluteal

deltoids

vastuslateralis

Subcutaneous

given to the epidermis therefore poor blood flow, and hence the action and distribution is slow.

used for insulin, anticoagulants, some immunisations

needle gauge- 25g

1mL injected

sub dermal

mainly used for allergy testing and TB testing

usually no more than 0.5 mLs

complications

- localised swelling and redness

- allergic reaction as a part of allergic testing

intravenous

used to give medication

needle- 19 gauge, used only to draw up medication

20mLs can be injected

site- peripheral intravenous canula located in the cuba fossa or the back of the hand

side effects - pain, inflamation, phlebitis

Intraosseous

use - emergency accesss for medication and fluids

- needle gauge- 15-16g

amount injected - 5-10mLs

sites- proximal tibia distal tibia humerus

side effects

infection, drug or fluid extravasation, fracture, air embolism.