Quiz
Pharmacology Vet202 Chapter 8 Study Guide
Perguntas do quiz (25)
1The first step of the pain perception pathway involves the sensation of a noxious stimulus and the subsequent transmission of the painful signal. This process is known as
- Adepolarization transmission.
- Bpain perception.
- Cstimulus transduction.
- Dwind-up.
2When a painful injury occurs, it’s not just those tissues that are directly damaged that stimulate pain receptors. Over time nearby cells become excessively sensitized and therefore are easily stimulated to detect pain. The resulting throbbing pain found areas near an injury are because of tissue ______________.
- Anecrosis
- Bhyperalgesia
- Chypoesthesia
- Dresistance
3Which opioid receptor is primarily responsible for the profound analgesia that is characteristic of these narcotics?
- Amu
- Bkappa
- Cdelta
- Dalpha
- Amu
4Which of the opioids is considered the standard to which all other opioids are compared in terms of analgesic effects, which are resulting from its primary activity at the µ (mu) receptor?
- AHydromorphone
- BHydrocodone
- CFentanyl
- DMorphine
5Of the following, which is a correct when considering topical or transdermal fentanyl delivery to veterinary patients.
- AFentanyl doesn’t readily penetrate human skin, so gloves aren’t required
- BDisposal of fentanyl patch should be in a conventional household trash bin
- CPets are safe to handle by family members 48 hours post-administration of topical fentanyl
- DInadvertent exposure to fentanyl, either orally or topically, is considered a medical emergency
6Buprenorphine is an opioid analgesic that is considered to have both agonist and antagonist opioid receptor effects, which allows for the benefit of providing a long duration of effect with fewer adverse effects compared to other drugs in this class. Buprenorphine exhibits agonistic activity at the ___________ receptor, and antagonistic activity at the _____________ receptor.
- A (kappa), (mu)
- B (mu), (kappa)
- C (kappa), (delta)
- DBoth (kappa) and (theta)
7Several opioids such as butorphanol and buprenorphine exhibit a limited effect of analgesia regardless of the dose that is administered. This is a phenomenon called the ____________ effect.
- Atolerance
- Bduration
- Cceiling
- Dplateau
8Acepromazine is a commonly used phenylthiazine tranquilizer used often as a premedication in preparation for general anesthesia induction. Which of the following adverse effects has been discounted recently in regards to veterinary use?
- AReduce the seizure threshold in dogs
- BPotential for causing penile prolapse in stallions
- CUse can confound results of allergic skin testing
- DCan cause dangerous hypotension in animals experiencing hemorrhage
9Sedative drugs that are members of the alpha-2 agonists include xylazine and dexmedetomidine. What is the mechanism of action of these drugs at their specific adrenergic receptor?
- AIncrease peripheral vasoconstriction
- BReduce norepinephrine in the synapse
- CImprove cardiac output by increasing heart stroke volume and heart rate
- DIncrease bronchial dilation
10All of the alpha-2 agonists exhibit both alpha-1 and alpha-2 activity to some degree. Rank the alpha-2 agonists in order form those with the highest ratio of activity of alpha-2:alpha-1, to that with the lowest.
- ADetomidine>dexmedetomidine>xylazine
- BXylazine>dexmedetomidine>detomidine
- CDexmedetomidine>xylazine>detomidine
- DDexmedetomidine>detomidine>xylazine
11Another name for a pain receptor is
- Atransducer.
- Bnociceptor.
- Cproprioceptor.
- Dantagonist.
12Modulation in the pain pathway is
- Atranslating a physical stimulus into excitement of a pain receptor.
- Btransmission of the depolarization to a sensory nerve.
- Ctransmission of sensory depolarization wave up the spinal cord.
- Dperception of pain on a conscious level.
13By decreasing the inflammation process shortly after trauma
- Apain can be reduced.
- Bpain can be postponed.
- Cno effect on pain will occur.
- Dpain will increase.
14Two of the four known opioid receptors have the most significant in Veterinary medicine
- AMu and kappa
- BMu and delta
- CMu and sigma
- DDelta and sigma
15Opioids are classified as mixed agonist/antagonists meaning
- Athey can be reversed.
- Bthey have opposing affects.
- Cthe drug affects the opioid receptors in different ways.
- Dthe drug only affects 1 type of opioid receptor.
16_____________ is the naturally derived opiate drug that is used primarily for its pain alleviating properties.
- AMorphine
- BCodeine
- CHydrocodone
- DOxymorphone
17Having a greater potency than morphine means a drug used to reduce pain
- Ahas a narrow margin of safety.
- Bis more toxic.
- Chas more side effects.
- Dcan be used at lower doses.
18Fentanyl:
- Ais less potent than morphine.
- Bhas a shorter duration of action than morphine.
- Cis a weak mu agonists.
- Dis not a controlled substance.
19Fentanyl transdermal patches
- Adeliver consistent pain relief.
- Bprovide pain relief immediately upon application.
- Care dosed according to surface area of the patch.
- Dcan be applied without gloves.
20Fentanyl patches should be applied over the shoulder area of dogs and cats because
- Afentanyl will be better absorbed there.
- Bthe skin is more sensitive there.
- Cthere is less chance for human contact there.
- Dthere is less chance of the animal ingesting it there.
21The ceiling effect of buprenorphine means
- Athere is a maximum dose that can be used.
- Bcats who receive it will be “high” as the ceiling.
- Cit’s maximum analgesic affect is less then morphine’s maximum affect.
- Dit’s duration of action is longer than other drugs
22When discussing the subject of patient pain relief, it is important to understand the difference between analgesia and anesthesia. Analgesia involves the loss of _________, while anesthesia involves the loss of ________________.
- Ainflammation, pain
- Bwind-up, inflammation
- Cpain, consciousness
- Danxiety, inhibition
23Which of the following is not a commonly encountered effect elicited by dissociatives such as ketamine?
- AHighly effective reliever of visceral pain
- BIncrease in muscle rigidity, especially in felines
- CAnesthesia with the preservation of reflexes
- DCauses hallucinations in humans
24A client stumbled upon information that links the toxic compound contained in chocolate to a very similar medication that works to improve the function of the respiratory tract. His pet pug has been experiencing difficulty breathing lately while sleeping, and the client is considering giving his dog some milk chocolate before bed each night. Why is this a bad idea?
- AThe extra calories in the milk chocolate are highly toxic
- BThe theobromine in the chocolate causes bronchoconstriction
- CThe theobromine in the chocolate is toxic to dogs in high doses
- DThis isn’t a bad idea
25After assisting with the delivery of a malpositioned calf, it is noticed that the Holstein newborne is not breathing properly. A drug that works by direct stimulation of the midbrain respiratory center is administered, and this successfully restores the calf’s breathing. What is the name of this drug?
- AAtropine
- BGlycopyrrolate
- CEpineprhine
- DDoxapram
- ELidocaine
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- Veterinary Medicine Quiz sobre Pharmacology Vet202 Chapter 8 Study Guide, criado por Kelly Kinsinger em 22-10-2018.
- Autor
- Kelly Kinsinger
- Idioma
- English
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