Flashcards
Relationships
Flashcards do conjunto (19)
- 1Rollie and Duck's model of breakdown1) Breakdown
2) Intrapsychic
3) Dyadic Relationship
4) Social stage
5) Grave-dressing
6) Resurrection - 2Tashiro and Frazier (Support for Duck's model)Surveyed students who's relationships had previously broken. They reported that they had emotional distress as well as personal growth stating that these breakdowns had given them a clearer idea about future relationships.
- 3Argyle and Henderson (weakness for Duck's model)Ducks model simply describes the stages and the model doesn't explain why the breakdowns happen.
- 4Akert (weakness of Duck's model)Instigators of break ups suffer fever negative consequences than non-instigators. Duck's model is the same for both types of people. (Individual differences)
- 5Reward/Need Satisfaction theoryWe become attracted to people who evoke positive feelings as they provide direct reinforcement through operant conditioning. The rewarding stimuli can include happiness or security.
- 6Griffitt and Guay (Strength of reward/need theory)Participants were evaluated on a creative task by an experimenter and were then asked how much they liked them. Ratings were highest when the participant was highly evaluated.
- 7Cate et al (Strength of reward/need theory)Asked 337 participants to assess their current relationships in terms of reward level and satisfaction. Found that reward levels were considered the most important in determining relationship satisfaction.
- 8Lehr and Geher (weakness of reward/need theory)j
- 9Hill (1972)Many relationships that are found in non-western cultures show little concern for reinforcements. He showed that kinship bonds are influential, resilient and not dependent on reinforcements.
- 10Lott (1994)In many cultures, women are socialized into being more attentive to the needs of others (such as husbands and children), rather than being oriented towards the gratification of their own needs. It could of course be argued that 'meeting the needs of others' in itself is reinforcing.
- 11Aron et al. (strength of reward/need theory)Found that attraction activates the brains reward circuits. This shows that attraction is linked to rewards.
- 12Thibaut and Kelley's Social exchange theoryIn relationships partners will have an expectation of 'profit' and the reward gained from the relationship will be greater than the costs. Rewards include sex, care and companionship.
- 13Costs (SET)Negative values in the relationship:
Costs can include effort, financial investment and wasted time. The fewer the costs the better as there should be more profits. - 14Comparison level (CL) (social exchange theory)The standard we use to judge quality of the relationship. Our CL is determined by previous experiences and observations of others relationships.
- 15Comparison level for alternatives (CLA) (social exchange theory)When you weigh up the profitability of their current relationship and one with another potential partner. If there is more expected rewards with the potential partner then they may leave their current relationship and enter a new one
- 16Simpson et al (strength of social exchange theory)Found that participants in existing relationships rated those of the opposite sex as less attractive that those not in relationships, suggesting that see alternative relationships as not profitable if we're already in a committed one.
- 17Stafford and Canary (weakness of social exchange theory)The SET is oversimplified:
Found lower marital satisfaction in those who considered themselves to be under-benefited but those who considered themselves as over-benefited were less satisfied than those in more equitable relationships. - 18Moghaddam: selfish nature (weakness of social exchange theory)Found that even within western culture, it may still only apply to short term relationships among people with high social mobility. Suggesting that the SET doesn't give a universal explanation of romantic relationships and is therefore biased.
- 19Marelich et alReal world application: used the SET to explain deception in relationships. Potential profits for males included sexual intimacy while costs included guilt over lying. For females profits were approval and possible commitment from the male, costs were unwanted sex and the threat of pregnancy.
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- Descrição
- Bach Psychology FlashCards sobre Relationships , criado por rae_olamide_xo em 03-06-2015.
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- rae_olamide_xo
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