Flashcards
Pelvic Cavity
Flashcards do conjunto (35)
- 1What makes up the Inguinal Canal?an external/superficial ring and an internal/deep ring
- 2What forms the external ring?the external ring is formed in a split in the EAO, where the abdominal and pelvic tendons/aponeuroses meet
- 3What forms the internal ring?the caudal edge of the IAO
- 4What tendon separates the femoral and inguinal canals?the inguinal ligament = caudal edge of the pelvic tendon
- 5What is the peritoneal structure that passes out through the inguinal canal?the vaginal process
- 6What structures pass through the inguinal canal? (think VETMEDG)vaginal process
external cremaster muscle
testicular arterty, vein and nerve
mesoducts and mesorchium
external pudendal vessels
ductus deferens
genitofemoral nerve - 7What is meant if an inguinal ring is said to be closed as opposed to open?a closed ring is one where there is no overlap of rings, whereas in open canals, the rings overlap so that there is a direct passage out of the abdomen
- 8Which small animal has the most open inguinal ring?guinea pig
- 9What is an inguinal rupture?this is where the skin on the outside of the inguinal canal is not intact, which means abdominal contents can 'fall out' of the abdominal cavity
- 10During which surgery are the inguinal rings most important?during castrations, which involves opening into the peritoneal cavity, if the rings overlap and the surgery is not closed up then there's a high risk of inguinal ruptures or hernias
- 11What is the difference between a rupture and a hernia?hernia = skin intact/contents still contained within the body
rupture = skin not intact/ contents can track out of the body - 12In which domestic animal are the 'closed' inguinal rings most of a problem?horses as the rings are closer together and more prone to overlaps than in animals like dogs/cats/cows
- 13What is the femoral canal?a hole from the abdomen out into the hindlegs
- 14What is the base of the femoral canal called?vascular lacuna
- 15What separates the vascular lacuna from the external inguinal ring?inguinal ligament
- 16What branch of the aorta ends up leaving through the femoral canal and what does it leave as?branch of the external iliac artery, however it becomes the femoral artery as it passes through the femoral canal
- 17What are the structures that make up the borders of the femoral triangle?inguinal ligament, prepubic tendon and the ileum wing (gap between EAO aponeurosis and the pelvis)
- 18What passes through the femoral canal?femoral artery, femoral vein and the femoral nerve (blood and nervous supply to the hindlimb)
- 19What lymph node also lies within the femoral canal?deep inguinal lymph node
- 20What does the term 'pelvic outlet' refer to?exit of GI, genital and urinary tracts
- 21What is the pelvic outlet made up of?pelvic girdle (bones) and the pelvic and urogenital diaphragm (muscles)
- 22What is the structure in the pelvis that has the most holding power?sacrotuberous ligament (dog)
sacrosciatic ligament (large animals) - 23Where is the sacrotuberous ligament found?fibrous structure running from the sacrum to the ischial tubers
- 24Where is the sacrosciatic ligament found?runs from the sacrum to the ilium, ischium and ischial tubers
- 25How is the sacrosciatic ligament different from the sacrotuberous ligament?broad origin and insertion
- 26What depression is created using the sacrosciatic ligament as a border?ischiorectal fossa in cattle (depression either side of the tail to the ischial tubers)
- 27What happens to the pelvic ligaments during pregnancy?the ligaments slacken/relax to allow more room in the opening to the pelvis, where the animal will pass through during birth
- 28What two muscles make up the pelvic diaphragm?Coccygeus (lateral) and the Levator Ani (medial)
- 29Where do the pelvic diaphragm muscles run from and what do they insert onto?run from the tail onto the pubis bone
- 30What can happen if the pelvic ligaments/diaphragm is damaged?Perineal Hernia: the abdominal or pelvic contents may move caudally through the ruptured/damaged ligaments and diaphragm
- 31What is the urogenital diaphragm?muscles associated with the external genitalia
- 32What does the urogenital diaphragm enclose?ventral portion of the pelvic outlet
- 33What is the purpose of the urogenital diaphragm?fixes reproductive tract in position to prevent cranial drag from the uterus during pregnancy and caudal drag during parturition
- 34What is the function of anal sacs?lined by glandular tissue that secret material to allow dogs and cats to scent as they excrete faeces
- 35What are the clinical implications of anal sacs?the exit to the glands can become swollen if not stimulated enough to release secretions, which become painful for the animals
Informações
- Descrição
- Animal Disease 1 Veterinary Medicine FlashCards sobre Pelvic Cavity, criado por Louise Mason em 14-03-2017.
- Criado por
- Louise Mason
- Visualizações
- 7
- Avaliação