Flashcards
Attachment
Flashcards do conjunto (20)
- 1Caregiver-Infant InteractionsImportant functions for social development
> Reciprocity
> Interactional Synchrony - 2Sensitive ResponsivenessCaregiver responds appropriately to signals from the infant
- 3Reciprocity> Infant responds to the actions of a caregiver
Infants have periodic 'alert' phases and signal to caregivers that they are ready for interaction
*Feldman - 4Feldman (Reciprocity)Mothers are typically more aware + respond to infant alertness
From 3 months interaction is increasingly frequent, involves close attention to each others verbal signals and facial expressions - 5Interactional Synchrony> Infant mirrors the actions of the caregiver at the same time
*Meltzoff & Moore
*Isabella - 6Meltzoff & Moore (Interactional Synchrony)Observed the beginnings of IS in infants
1. Adults displayed one of 3 facial expressions / distinctive gestures
2. Child's response was filmed and identified by independent observers
> Association found between the adults and babies actions - 7Isabella (Interactional Synchrony)Observed 30 mothers and infants + assessed degree of synchrony
Also assessed quality of attachment
> Found high synchrony = better quality mother-infant attachment - 8Evaluation of Caregiver-Infant InteractionsX Uncertain - difficult to interpret babies actions as conscious and deliberate
✔ Validity - controlled observations, infants unaware of observation etc - 9Summary of Caregiver-Infant InteractionsReciprocity : responding, Feldman
Interactional Synchrony : mirroring, Meltzoff & Moore, Isabella
Uncertain to interpret
Validity of experiments - 10Attachment FiguresParent-infant attachment
Role of the father
Fathers as primary caregivers - 11Parent-Infant AttachmentSchaffer & Emerson : found majority of babies attached to mother first
Then formed attachments to fathers - 12Role of The FatherGrossman : longitudinal study of both parents behaviour + quality of teen relationships
> Mother : quality of attachment related to attachment in adolescence
> Father : quality of play, suggesting their role is stimulation rather than nurture - 13Fathers as Primary CarersField : filmed 4 month babies in face to face interaction with primary mothers, secondary fathers + primary fathers
Primary fathers : spent time smiling etc than secondary
> Key to attachment is level of responsiveness not gender - 14Evaluation of Attachment FiguresX Inconsistent findings - some argue fathers have distinct role, others: take on maternal role (no definitive explanation)
X Counter-study : MacCallum & Golomobok : single parent / same sex parent children = same as heterosexual parent families - 15Summary of Attachment FiguresParent-infant attachment : Schaffer & Emerson
Role of father : Grossman
Fathers as primary : Field
Inconsistent findings
MacCallum & Golombok - 16Schaffer's Stages of AttachmentAsocial
Indiscriminate
Specific
Multiple - 17Asocial (Schaffer : Stages of Attachment)First few weeks
Similar behaviour towards non-human objects + humans
Preference for familiar adults - 18Indiscriminate (Schaffer : Stages of Attachment)2-7 months
Preference for people than objects
Recognise familiar adults
No signs of separation/ stranger anxiety - 19Specific (Schaffer : Stages of Attachment)7 months+
Stranger and separation (for one particular adult) anxiety displayed
Most skilled at responding to signals + most interaction : primary attachment figure - 20Multiple (Schaffer : Stages of Attachment)Shortly after specific
Extend attachment behaviour to multiple : secondary attachments
Informações
- Descrição
- A level Psychology (Flash Cards) FlashCards sobre Attachment, criado por Grace Hoban em 16-05-2017.
- Criado por
- Grace Hoban
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