Flashcards
Memory
Flashcards do conjunto (26)
- 1What is retrieval?Getting information back from storage, when required.
- 2What is Recognition Recall?Instead of participants being asked to recall any information they can remember, they are asked to pick out the information the recognise from what’s in front of them.
- 3What is capacity?How much the short term memory can hold.
- 4What is the definition of memory?The retention of learning or experience. The storing of information over time, involving registering, storing and retrieving it when required.
- 5What ways do STM and LTM differ?Capacity
Duration
Encoding - 6What did Miller (1956) find?Miller (1956) found that individuals cannot remember more than approximately 7 items of information.
To increase the capacity of STM you can put the information into groups.
To extend the capacity even more, you can try and make the groups meaningful. - 7What is Fugue?An extension of amnesia, someone could go on a journey, forget who they are or where they came from. They could even adopt a new identity without experiencing any confusion or disorientation.
- 8What is STM?A very limited memory store that we use to deal with information as it comes. We can recite information straight away, but not after any length of time.
- 9What are the levels of processing?Iconic- how the information looks
Acoustic- how the information sounds
Semantic- what the information means (context) - 10What is LTM?A memory store that has an unlimited capacity and a very long duration.
- 11What is the three point rule for criticising a study?State; what is wrong or right
Justify; why
Explain ; the outcome - 12What is Free Recall?Where the participant is asked to recall or write down any information the can remember from what they were shown.
- 13What is encoding?Putting information into storage.
- 14What is Cued Recall?Paired Associating Learning.
Participants are asked to learn words in linked pairs, e.g tall- building
They would then be asked to recall the last word by being told the first word. - 15What is duration?How long information lasts in the short-term memory.
- 16What is sensory memory?Information learnt from the senses, has a very short duration in the sensory store. If information is rehearsed or concentrated on it will transfer to the STM.
- 17What are the practical implications to the reconstructive memory explanation?Help us understand why two people telling the same story, may tell it differently.
That we must be careful giving or listening to eyewitnesses accounts of events. - 18What is the Primacy effect?The first information received is recalled better than subsequent information.
- 19What are some practical implications to the multi-store memory?Registration numbers, postcodes and PIN numbers are no longer than 7 items, due to the research that individuals can not remember more than 7 items of information.
- 20What is the recency effect?Information received later is recalled better than earlier information.
- 21What is the definition of the multi-store memory?The idea that information passes through a series of memory stores.
- 22What are the criticisms of the multi-store memory?Over simplified- the theory that STM and LTM are individual stores made up of one component each.
Doesn’t take in to account strategies used to aid memory. - 23How does memory go from the sensory store to the STM store?Information is detected by the senses and enters the sensory store. If we pay attention to this information if enters the STM, otherwise it decays quickly.
- 24What is the other important component to the levels of processing?Elaboration. You are more likely to remember something that is interesting and exciting.
- 25What are the practical applications of the levels of processing?To improve study skills.
- 26What are the evaluation elephants?Ecological Validity
Experiment
Ethics
Ethnocentrism
Date of Study
Empirical Evidence
Sample
Informações
- Descrição
- Multi-Store Memory, Reconstructive, Levels of Processing
- Criado por
- Josephine Tate
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- Avaliação