Flashcards
EXPERIMENTS
Flashcards do conjunto (29)
- 1In an experiment, the researcher identifies and controls all possible _________Variables
- 2By manipulating the variables and observing what happens, what can the researcher discover?Cause and effect relationships
- 3What are the two main type of experiment?Laboratory experiments and field experiments
- 4Which situations do 'field experiments' take place in?Real life/natural enviroments
- 5What is it more difficult for the researcher to do in field experiments?Control all the variables
- 6A lab experiment gives the researcher more control over variables but the results are more ________Artificial
- 7What positivist requirement do experiments meet?Data should be quantitative and scientifically collected
- 8Why do positivists find lab experiments particularly reliable?They can be exactly repeated
- 9What does using standardised methods and quantitative data allow positivists to make about society?Generalisations
- 10What do interpretivists argue experiments lack?Validity
- 11What are the 5 main disadvantages of laboratory experiments?Artificiality - identifying and controlling variables - ethical issues - Hawthorne Effect - limited application
- 12Why is it doubtful that the results of lab experiments can be applied to the real social world?A lab is a highly artificial environment - how people react in an artificial environment is different to how they react in real life
- 13What is meant by validity?The extent to which the results are true to social reality
- 14Under what conditions are laboratory experiments effective?If all the variables that can influence the outcome are controlled
- 15Why is it hard to identify and control all variables?Due to the complexity of social interactions
- 16Why may a researcher not want/be able to gain informed consent?If the experiment was blind as not to influence the results
- 17What is another ethical issue surrounding lab experiments?The emotional and psychological effects some experiments can have on the individuals involved
- 18What is the Hawthorne effect?The knowledge of knowing you are part of an experiment affecting the results
- 19What affect does the Hawthorne effect have on validity and why?Lowers it - because the test subjects are not acting like they would in a real social situation
- 20Why do lab experiments have limited application?The lab is small so only small-scale social interactions can be studied
- 21What does this mean is excluded?Large scale social change, past events, events of long duration
- 22In a field experiment, individuals are usually ________ that an experiment is taking placeUnaware
- 23What do field experiments try to avoid?The artificiality of the lab experiment while obtaining some element of control
- 24What are the two main advantages of field experiments?Less artificiality - due to 'real world' environment
Validity - due to people being unaware they are being studied and therefore will act normally - 25What are the three main disadvantages with field experiments?Less control over variables, limited application, ethical problems
- 26Why is it harder to control all the variables in a field experiment?It is based in the test subjects natural environment so some variables are unpredictable and difficult to identify
- 27Give 2 examples of what it is possible to study using field experimentsThe apparent influence of social class, discriminatory actions
- 28Field experiments only tend to measure what people do and not ___ ____ __ __Why they do it
- 29Why cant informed consent be obtained in a field experiment?It would 'give the game away', could cause Hawthorne effect and therefore reduce validity
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- Descrição
- Questions and answers on the experiments topic of AQA AS Sociology. Includes lab and field experiments.
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- ashiana121
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