Flashcards
Development Vocab words
Flashcards do conjunto (59)
- 1Developmental psychologiststudy of how and why human beings develop over the course of their life
- 2nature vs nurturenature: heredity, genes
nurture: experiences - 3Cross sectional researchobservational study that involves the analysis of data collected from a population
- 4longitudinal researchdata is gathered for the same subjects repeatedly over a period of time
- 5zygote, embryo, fetusstages of child development in the womb
- 6teratogenssomething that will cause a birth defect.
- 7fetal alcohol syndromewhen the mother drinks alcohol during her pregnancy, the baby turns out with birth defects
- 8rooting reflexbabies turn the face toward the stimulus and make sucking motions with the mouth
- 9moro reflexmoving the hand from under the neck causing the baby to stretch out its arms
- 10babinski reflexthe sole of the foot has been firmly stroker, making the baby flail its toes
- 11harry harlow's attachment researchtested the effects of attachment with replacing a monkey's mother with a wire mother and a soft cloth mother
- 12contact comforta baby (monkey) must hold onto something that will comfort it
- 13konrad lorenz and imprintingcoming to recognize as a parent or other object of habitual trust
- 14critical periodperiod during someone's development in which a particular skill or characteristic is believed to be most readily acquired.
- 15mary ainsworthdid the experiment Strange Situation, observes attachment relationships between a caregiver and child.
- 16secure attachmentschildren who show some distress when their caregiver leaves but are able to compose themselves and do something knowing that their caregiver will return
- 17avoidant attachmentsemotionally unavailable or unresponsive to them a good deal of the time
- 18anxious/ambivalent attachmentsavoid or ignoring the caregiver
- 19authoritarianstrict rules or guidelines to follow
- 20permissivelets the child do what they want
- 21authoritativeless strict rules
- 22sigmund freudan austrian neurologist and the father or psychoanalysis
- 23jean piageta clinical psychologist known for his pioneering work in child development
Cognitive development (four stages) - 24schematarepresentation of a plan in the form of an outline or model
- 25assimilationmaking everything the same thing
- 26accommodationallowing to be with
- 27sensorimotor stagefirst two years of an infant's life
- 28object permanenceobjects continue to exist even when they cannot be observed
- 29preoperational stagebegins around age two and lasts till you are age seven
- 30egocentricthinking only of oneself
- 31animismattribution of a soul to inanimate objects
- 32concrete operationsstage of cognitive development
- 33law of conservationprinciple that in any closed system subjected to no external forces, the mass is constant irrespective of its changes in form
- 34formal operationsbegins at age 11
- 35deferred gratificationability to resist the temptation for an immediate reward and wait for a later reward
- 36Lev Vygotskymade the Vygotsky's social development theory
- 37Zone of proximal developmentdifference between what a learned can do without help and what he or she can do with help
- 38Erik Eriksonpersonality develops in a series of stages
- 39trust vs mistrustfirst stage of erik erikson's theory
- 40autonomy vs shame and doubtsecond stage
- 41initiative vs inferioritythird stage
- 42industry vs inferiorityfourth stage
- 43identity vs isolationfifth step
- 44intimacy vs isolation6th step
- 45generativity vs stagnation7th stage
- 46integrity vs despair8th stage
- 47lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral developmentmorality starts from the early childhood years and can be affected by several factors
- 48preconventional stagedevelop punishment obedience orientation and instrumental relativist orientation
- 49conventional stagegood boy- nice girl orientation and law and order orientation
- 50post conventional moralitysocial contract orientation and universal ethical principle orientation
- 51primary sex characteristicsany of the body structures directly concerned in reproduction
- 52secondary sex characteristicsfeatures that appear at sexual maturity
- 53menarchefirst menstrual cycle
- 54menopausecannot bleed anymore
- 55social clockcultural specific timetable for events to occur
- 56crystallized intelligenceability to use skills, knowledge, and experience
- 57fluid intelligenceCapacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independent of acquired knowledge
- 58Elizabeth Kubler Ross stages of grievingstudy of death and dying
- 59Four stages, Piaget