Flashcards
The Cell Cycle
Flashcards do conjunto (13)
- 1The cell cycle has three stages, name themInterphase
Nuclear Divison/mitosis
Cytokinesis - 2Describe the role of interphase in the cell cycleOccupies most of the cell cycle and is sometimes known as the 'resting phase' as no division takes place
- 3Describe the role of Nuclear divison in the cell cycleNuclear division is when the nucleus divides and cell division. It can either divide into two (mitosis) or four (meiosis)
- 4Describe the role of cytokinesis in the cell cycleFollows nuclear division and is the process by which the cytoplasm divides to produce two new cells (mitosis) or four gametes (meiosis)
- 5Fill in the blanks: The ____ of mitosis can be affected by the _______ of the cell and by ______ factors. It is also controlled by two types of ____. If one of these ______ goes through a __________, this can lead to uncontrolled mitosis and form a _______.The RATE of mitosis can be affected by the ENVIRONMENT of the cell and by GROWTH factors. It is also controlled by two types of GENE. If one of these GENES goes through a MUTATION, this can lead to uncontrolled mitosis and form a TUMOR.
- 6Describe a benign tumor1) grows more slowly
2) is more compact
3) less likely to be life-threatening - 7Describe a malignant tumor1) Grows quickly
2) are less compact
3) More likely to be life-threatening - 8Cancer and tumors are caused by what?A growth disorder in cells as a result of damage to the genes that regulate mitosis and the cell cycle, this leads to uncontrolled growth and division of the cells. As a consequence to this, a tumor forms and expands. A tumor becomes cancerous if it goes from being to benign to malignant.
- 9What does the treatment of cancer usually involve?The treatment of cancer usually involves killing dividing cells by blocking part of the cell cycle. If the cell cycle is disrupted = cell division and cancer growth ceases.
- 10What is the name given to the treatment of cancer using drugs?Chemotherapy
- 11Chemotherapy disrupts the cell cycle by doing what?- Preventing DNA from replicating
- Inhibiting the metaphase stage of mitosis by interfering with spindle formation - 12Chemotherapy drugs are more effective against rapidly dividing cells, why is this effective against caner cells?Cancer cells divide uncontrollably, and so divide at a faster rate than normal cells. This means that although normal body cells do get damaged, cancer cells are damaged to a greater degree than normal cells.
- 13What fast dividing normal body cells get damaged during chemotherapy?Fast diving hair cells
Informações
- Descrição
- My '3.8 The Cell Cycle' mind map can be found on my account, or here: https://www.goconqr.com/en-GB/p/5122097 :)
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- Bee Brittain
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