Flashcards
Unit 3: Skeletal and Muscular System
Flashcards do conjunto (49)
- 1What are the functions of the skeleton?Movement,
Protection,
Support,
Blood Production, - 2Name a bone in the lower arm.Radius or Ulna
- 3Name a bone in the lower legTibia or Fibula
- 4Name the four types of bonesLong,
Short,
Irregular,
Flat - 5Give two examples of long bonesHumerus,
Radius,
Ulna,
Femur,
Tibia,
Fibula - 6Give an example of an irregular bonePatella or
Vertebrae - 7Give an example of a short boneCarpals
Tarsals
Phalanges - 8Give two examples of flat bonesScapula,
Pelvis,
Cranium - 9Name the 6 types of synovial jointsHinge,
Ball and socket,
Pivot,
Saddle,
Condyloid,
Gliding - 10Give two examples of a hinge jointElbow or Knee
- 11Give two examples of a ball and socket jointShoulder or Hip
- 12Give an example of a pivot jointNeck
- 13Give an example of a saddle jointThumb
- 14Give an example of a condyloid jointWrist
Finger - 15Give an example of a gliding jointCarpals in the hand (wrist)
- 16What is a joint?A connection point between two bones where movement occurs
- 17Name an immovable jointCranium
Pelvis - 18Name a slightly moveable jointVertebral Column
and
Ribs and Sternum - 19Name a freely moveable jointThe 6 synovial joint categories
Ball & socket - Shoulder
Hinge - Elbow
Pivot - neck
Condyloid - wrist
Saddle - thumb
Gliding - carpals in the wrist - 20Name the three connective tissuesTendon,
Ligament,
Cartilage - 21Describe a tendon and give it's functionTendons are very strong, white, non elastic cords that join the muscle to bone
- 22Describe a ligament and give it's functionLigaments are bands of white slightly elastic fibres which attach bone to bone at a joint
- 23Describe cartilage and give it's functionCartilage is a shiny, smooth white covering (flexible tissue) found at the end of bones. Its function is to act as a buffer (shock absorber)
- 24Name the 5 types of movementFlexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Rotation - 25What is the definition for flexion? Give a sporting example.Flexion: decreasing the angle of a joint, the bending of a limb.
Performing a bicep curl - 26What is the definition for extension? Give a sporting exampleExtension is increasing the angle of a joint, the straightening of a limb.
Performing a chest pass in netball - 27What is the definition for abduction? Give a sporting example.Abduction: movement of the limb away from the midline of the body.
Performing a lateral raise
Performing the splits - 28What is the definition for adduction? Give a sporting exampleAdduction: movement of a limb towards the midline of the body.
Cross over flys in weight training
Breast stroke entering the glide position - 29What is the definition for rotation? Give a sporting exampleRotation: When the bone or limb moves freely in a curve.
Bowling a cricket ball
Turning to breathe in the front crawl - 30Name the three types of musclesVoluntary
Involuntary
Cardiac - 31How do you define a voluntary muscle?It works under our conscious control, we decide when to move them.
- 32Name 4 muscles found in the upper bodyPectorals
Biceps
Triceps
Deltoids
Trapezius
Abdominals
Latissimus dorsi - 33Name 4 muscles found in the lower bodySartorius
Quadriceps
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius - 34What are the characteristics of an involuntary muscle?They work automatically with no need for conscious command.
- 35Give an example of an involuntary muscleDiaphragm
Blood vessels
Heart - 36What is an isotonic muscular contraction?Movement that occurs at the joint.
They can be concentric or eccentric. - 37What is concentric contraction? Give a sporting example.The contracting muscle shortens and fattens, it tends to bulge.
The biceps in a bicep curl. - 38What is eccentric contraction? Give a sporting example.The muscle gradually lengthens, extends and returns to its normal length and shape.
The biceps when the weight is being lowered in a bicep curl. - 39What is isometric muscular contraction? Give a sporting example.There is no actual movement of either the limb or the joint. Muscles are working hard to keep the joint stable.
Performing a handstand, static wall squat or rugby scrum. - 40Muscles work in pairs and is known as an antagonistic pairing. What is the working and relaxing muscle known as?Working = agonist muscle (prime mover)
Relaxing muscle = antagonist muscle - 41Muscles are connected to the bones by tendons. Where is the origin and insertion of the biceps tendons?The origin is at the scapula
(the stationary bone)
The insertion is at the radius
(the moving bone) - 42Explain how muscles and bones work together to create movement.Muscles are attached to the bone by tendons. Muscles only pull and so work in pairs (antagonistic pairing). The bicep contracts and is the agonist muscle whilst teh triceps relax and are the antagonist muscle. This action creates flexion and results in the angle of the joint decreasing and allows the bicep curl to be performed. The origin is where the muscle tendons of the bicep join the scapula and teh insertion is where the bicep attaches to the radius. Ligaments hold the bone to bone to stabilise the joint.
- 43Name three types of strength.Static
Explosive
Dynamic - 44Give the definition for static strength.The greatest amount of strength that can be applied to an immovable object.
- 45Give a sporting example for static strengthA handstand
Rugby scrum
Static wall squat
A sprinter waiting in the blocks - 46Give the definition for explosive strengthThe muscular strength used in one short, sharp, movement.
- 47Give a sporting example for explosive strengthA 100m sprinter leaving the blocks
A gymnast performing a vault - 48Give the definition for dynamic strengthThe muscular strength needed to support your own body weight over a prolonged period of time
- 49Give a sporting example for dynamic strengthA gymnast performing on the pommel horse
A gymnast performing a routine on the rings
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- Criado por Cath Warriner · 8 mar 2014
- Copiado por Cath Warriner · 8 mar 2014
- Copiado por Cath Warriner · 8 mar 2014
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