Flashcards
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
Flashcards do conjunto (7)
- 1Explain what is meant by measures of central tendencyAverages that give us information about the most typical values in a data set
There are three to consider: mean, mode and median - 2Outline what is meant by the meanThe common average - derived from adding up all the values in the data set and dividing the total by the total number of values
The mean is the most sensitive as it includes all values from the data set in its calculation --> more representative of the data as a whole
However, because of this, the mean can be distorted easily by extreme values - 3Outline what is meant by the modeThe mode is the most commonly occurring value in a data set.
Sets can have two modes: bi-modal or no mode if all the values are different
The mode is a very crude measure - it is often completely different to the median and the mean and is unrepresentative of the data set
For some data the mode is the only way to identify the most typical value - 4Outline what is meant by the medianThe median is the middle value in the data set when the values are arranged from the lowest to the highest
In an even number of scores, the median is half way between the two middle scores
A strength of the median is that extreme values do not affect it
It is easy to calculate
However it is less sensitive than the mean as not all scores are included in the final calculation - 5What is meant by measures of dispersion?Based on the spread of scores
- 6What is meant by the range?Spread of the scores
The range is calculated by taking the lowest score from the highest and adding one.
The adding of the one is to allow for the fact that scores are often rounded up or down
A strength of the range is that it is easy to calculate however, it only takes into account the most extreme values. - 7What is meant by standard deviation?More powerful measure of dispersion - a single value that tells us how far the scores deviate from the mean
The greater the standard deviation the greater the dispersion
A very precise measure of dispersion, however it can be distorted by extreme values just like the mean
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- - Psychology (Research Methods) FlashCards sobre DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS, criado por Lianna Peryer em 08-06-2017.
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