Memory

Memory

1. ROM

   • Cannot be altered
   • Small storage, making it physically small too
   • Shut down will not affect it
   • Examples
     • Boot program
     • Control software
       • Only on standard processors
         • TV, burglar alarm, washing machine etc.
   • Always ready, as soon as device is turned on
   • Read Only Memory

2. RAM

   • Random access memory
   • Short term memory
     • e.g. 2GB, 4GB, 8GB, 16GB etc.
     • Lost when device is turned off
       • Temporary
   • Volatile
     • Allows any type of memory to be stored
       • Files, applications, games etc.
   • Processor uses it as a buffer
     • Needed in mostly every device
       • Where users input and output data
   • Stores parts of the operating systems
     • Has to have secondary storage (hard drive)
   • fast memory

3. Exam tips

   • ROM
     • Stores bootstrap
       • Bootstrap
         • Self-sustaining process that proceeds without external input
   • RAM
     • Stores user software temporarily
       • Software
         • Programs within the computer, not physical

4. Caches

   • Soft disk cache
     • works by storing the most recently accessed data in the RAM cache
   • Fast, found between processor and RAM
     • Stores common / frequently used calculations
     • Expensive
     • Computer seems faster, as data doesn't have to travel much