National 5 History

National 5 History

1. Russia

   • Tsar Nicholas
     • Autocrat
     • How he controlled Russia
       • Russification
         • Censorship. (newspapers)
           • Okhrana
             • Orthodox Church
               • Harsh Punishments
                 • The Cossacks
                   • -Violence, Oppression & Fear-
   • 1905 Revolution
     • Long Term
       • Grievances of peasants
         • lack of political representation for middle classes
           • Economic Problems
     • Short term
       • Russo-Japanese war
         • Food shortages
     • Causes
       • Bloody Sunday
   • 1917 Revolution
     • Long Term
       • WW1
         • The effects of the war on soldiers
           • tsar losing support
             • Pressure from Political parties
               • Return of lenin
     • Short term
       • The Tsar going to the front line
         • The Tsarina being left in charge
           • Rasputin's influence on the Tsarina
     • Spark

2. Changing Britain

   • Housing
     • Legislation
       • Housing of a poor quality could be demolished and rebuilt
       • New water supplies for Glasgow and Edinburgh
         • Converted a loch into a reservoir
       • New Building Standards
       • More toilets
   • Canals
     • Slow and safe way to transport goods
     • Created Jobs
       • Navvies
     • Aqueducts were built
     • Canals were occasionally poorly maintained
   • Textiles
     • Legislation
       • Legislation principles were good but the new laws were rarely obeyed by the factory owners
         • Working hours were shortened
         • Pregnant women were given 4 weeks off after giving birth
         • Children under the age of 8 would no longer work
         • factories had to be cleaned regularly and well ventilated
       • Machines became more safe and they were fenced around to avoid injury
     • Cotton became very popular because it was cheap and easy to manufacture
     • New machinery made factories expand their businesses
       • Caused job losses

3. Scottish wars of independence

   • The Succession Crisis
     • King Alexander of Scotland dies in 1286
       • Maid of Norway next heir
         • She dies on the way over to Scotland
           • 3 claimants to the throne
             • John Balliol
               • swears an oath of loyalty to edward
               • He was a bad king
                 • No political experience
                   • Undermined by edward
                     • Scotland without king for 6 years
                       • lacked authority. took 13 months to chose him as king
                         • Western isles still weak
                           • Nobles didn't support him. They would become a threat
             • John Hastings
             • Robert Bruce
             • King Edward chosen to help appoint a new king
         • 6 guardians appointed
   • William Wallace
     • Not from Noble family
     • Rebelled against the English. Called for the return of John Balliol
     • Most stories about Wallace came from Blind harry
       • (unreliable)
     • rebellions in the south west
       • South
         • and north
     • Battle of Stirling Bridge
       • Scots win
         • Good choice of battleground
           • English were cocky
       • Battle of Falkirk
         • English win
           • Scots schiltrons were immobile
             • Poor choice of Battleground
               • English outflanked the Scots
         • Wallace resigned his guardianship of Scotland but returned in 1303
   • Robert Bruce
     • Called King Hob "Nobody"
       • Regained support in 1307
         • Edward died
         • Ambushed the english at glen trool
         • Defeated english at loudon hill