Chapter 4

Chapter 4

1. Forms of Government

   • 1. Unitary- people straight to federal  2. Confederacy- people to states to federal 3. Federalism- mix of both

2. 1776-1850

   • No government  Rural and low population  Self dependence (depend on family and community)  Best government=least government (all they had) Traditional-kept records, protect property 

3. 1850-1895

   • Municipal Gov. Influx of European immigrants to cities services needed for sewage, water, waste, crime, health codes, and building codes Lots of corruption  Ward heelers- politicians 

4. 1895-1932

   • -political corruption in cities  -Dillon's rule  Cities must comply with state statutes -Reform imposed by state gov non partisan merit v. loyalty

5. 1932-1980

   • Federal Gov.  Great depression and WWll Federal gov responsible for managing the economy and natl. defense  Role of guardian and protector  income for elderly and disabled (quality education)

6. 1981-2016

   • New federalism -Individuals make better decisions than institutions -Businesses make better decisions than governments  -Government closer to the people make better decisions -Federal grants are given to state and local gov.  -Federal government responsible when private sector failures cause economic catastrophes  -states can resist federal programs they do not agree with

7. Federal Responsibilities

   • National Defense  Space Program Postal Services 

8. Shared Responsibilities

   • Welfare Employment Services  unemployment compensation

9. State and local budgets

   • Education Health and Welfare  Police and Corrections  Highways and transportation Fire

10. States and communities

    • Carry on public business  settle more political conflicts  make majority of decisions  direct most public programs  Domestic law and order  educate children  Moving americans  Caring for the poor and ill Regulate water, gas, electric, and other utilities Share in the regulation of banking and insurance  regulate use of land  regulate sale of ownership of property  settle civil and criminal cases