Tissues

Tissues

1. Groups of cells that have similar structure and act together to perform a specific function.

2. Epithelial

   • Line body cavities, cover internal and external body surfaces (ex. skin)
   • Are avascular-they don't have blood vessels. They also have nerve supply/high capacity for cell division
   • Has an apical surface, lateral surface, and basal surface
   • Two Types of Epithelial Tissue: Covering and lining epithelium and glandular epithelium
   • Arrangement includes simple, stratified, pseudostratified
   • Cell shapes include squamos, cuboidal, columnar, and transitional

3. Connective

   • Areolar Connective Tissue: Widely distributed throughout the body. Combined with adipose tissues, anchors skin to underlying tissues and organs
   • Adipose Tissue: Found wherever areolar connective tissue is found. Provides the same functions as lipids
   • Reticular Connective Tissue: Consists of fine, interlacing reticular fibers and cells. Forms the stroma of organs & helps bind together smooth muscle cells
   • Dense Regular Connective Tissue: Bundles of regularly arranged parallel collagen fibers. Fibroblasts appear in rows between the fibers, tough, but pliable tissue
   • Dense Irregular Connective Tissue: Bundles of irregularly arranged collagen fibers. Found where pulling forces are exerted in various directions. Makes heart valves, perichondrium

4. Muscular

   • Skeletal Muscle: Is found in openings of internal tracts to control the movement of various substances. They allow swallowing, urination, and defecation to be under voluntary control.
   • Cardiac Muscle: Is found only in the heart. It performs coordinated contractions that allow our hearts to pump blood to our circulatory system.
   • Smooth Muscle: Is found in walls of hollow organs like the intestines and stomach. Muscular walls of our intestines contract to push food through our bodies.

5. Nervous

   • The nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It stimulates muscle contraction, creates an awareness of the environment, and plays a major role in emotions, memory, and reasoning.

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