Memory

Memory

1. Sensory memory

   • Sperling 1960 showed participants a brief image of letters and asked them to report as many as possible. sensory memory holds 12-16 items which is limited.

2. short term memory.

   • Capacity
     • Miller magic number 7+/-2
   • Duration
     • Peterson and Peterson. Cancelled out rehearsal. presented participants with trigrams and asked them to count backwards to prevent rehearsal. intervals of 3,6,9,12,15 and 18 seconds.
     • After 3 seconds 80% became worse. after 18 seconds less than 10%.
   • Encoding
     • Baddeley acoustically encoded

3. Long term memory

   • Encoding
     • Baddeley -semantically dissimilar words were recalled better.
   • Duration
     • Bahrick tested free recall, photo recognition and name recognition.
       • after 15 years 90% accuracy in names and faces.
       • after 48 years verbal was 80% accurate and visual was 70%

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