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Rise of Authoritian Figures
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Rise of Authoritian Figures
Stalin
- 1924++
- favourable circumstances
- Non-disclosure of Lenin's Testament
- as his Testament is filled with criticism, the Politburo decided not to disclose the contents
- Stalin get to keep his position of Secretary-General
- continues to sought power with manipulations of power
- Stalin get to keep his position of Secretary-General
- as his Testament is filled with criticism, the Politburo decided not to disclose the contents
- Trotsky's weaknesses
- seen as a great threat by Politburo as Lenin's successor
- also arrogant
- outspoken: used to argue with Lenin over several issues. this can be used by people against him as being disrespectful to Lenin
- Lenin is "god-like" to his people
- so this disrespect is intolerant by people
- Trotsky seen as a very unattractive leader
- so this disrespect is intolerant by people
- Lenin's New Economic Policy
- Lenin is "god-like" to his people
- outspoken: used to argue with Lenin over several issues. this can be used by people against him as being disrespectful to Lenin
- also arrogant
- arrogant; thinks he will definitely succeed Lenin. hence become complacent
- did not build up his power base
- Stalin did
- did not build up his power base
- absent from Lenin's funeral
- public thinks he is disrespectful
- seen as a great threat by Politburo as Lenin's successor
- Non-disclosure of Lenin's Testament
- own abilities
- manipulation of the poltical power
- formed Troika Alliance with Kamenev & Zinoviev
- aimed at removing Trotsky from power
- discreditng him
- success
- broke Troika alliance
- switching the sides of the radicals & moderates
- convinced politbu that K and Z planning to overthrow government with Trotsky
- switching the sides of the radicals & moderates
- broke Troika alliance
- aimed at removing Trotsky from power
- formed Troika Alliance with Kamenev & Zinoviev
- position of Secretary-General
- can elects member to important posts:
- people owe it to him
- these people become supporters of Stalin & loyal to him
- builds up support base
- these people become supporters of Stalin & loyal to him
- removes Trotsky's allies/supporter
- people owe it to him
- people thought he is useless & NOT A THREAT
- can elects member to important posts:
- pretended to be close to Lenin
- after Lenin's death, puts himself as chief mourner
- pretends to be really close to Lenin
- Saw by public as the rightful successor
- eg, doctored pictures to remove opponents away to emphasise impression by the people
- positive potrayal of himself; really respectful
- Saw by public as the rightful successor
- pretends to be really close to Lenin
- after Lenin's death, puts himself as chief mourner
- manipulation of the poltical power
Hitler
- appointed chancellor in 1933
- Favourable Circumstances
- Great Depression, 1929
- USA recalled loans from Germany
- ↓ unemployment
- ↓ atttractiveness of Weimar Gvt, due to indecisive action of coalition government
- Hardship caused by GD made Germans willing to support extreme parties for effective measures for Germany's problem
- ↓ atttractiveness of Weimar Gvt, due to indecisive action of coalition government
- ↓ unemployment
- USA recalled loans from Germany
- Weakness of Weimar Gvt
- Hyperinflation
- To pay off debts reparations from TOV, Weimar gvt printed more money
- Decrease in value in currency
- Savings turned worthless overnight
- ANGER & RESENTMENT
- Savings turned worthless overnight
- Decrease in value in currency
- To pay off debts reparations from TOV, Weimar gvt printed more money
- Proportional Representation
- Coalition government no unanimous agreement
- cannot come a decisive agreement
- Coalition government no unanimous agreement
- TOV, 1919
- Hyperinflation
- Fear of Communism
- Of farmers
- State -owned lands??? NO nO for farmers
- Of businessmen
- business become state owned & be given to other ppl??? NO no
- vague promise that they will help them
- Communist fought police on streets
- Hitler used his personal armed forces to stop them
- saw by public one who can really establish peace & order
- Hitler used his personal armed forces to stop them
- Communist fought police on streets
- Of farmers
- Great Depression, 1929
- Own ability
- Charisma & Oratocial skill
- Say what the people wanted to hear
- Very appealing & attractive
- people believes in Hitler; thinks he can help them from their problems
- appear to offer smth for everyone
- Very appealing & attractive
- Say what the people wanted to hear
- Skillful at making deals with Politician
- 1932 Elections
- able to form majority of Coalition gvt
- refuse to join any coalition unless becomes Chancellor
- Hidenburg no choice but to post him as Chancellor as he has the most support from the people
- refuse to join any coalition unless becomes Chancellor
- able to form majority of Coalition gvt
- 1928 Elections
- 1932 Elections
- Attractiveness of Nazi Ideology
- to abolish TOV
- strong central gvt
- people sees that coalistion gvt dont work
- promise of bread & butter
- strong central gvt
- to abolish TOV
- Reorganisation of Nazi
- establishing SA
- leaders of SA got rid of anti-Nazis
- establishing SS
- increasing Nazi membership
- establishing SA
- Charisma & Oratocial skill