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842144
Eyewitness Testimony (EWT)
Descrição
A Levels Psychology (Memory) Mapa Mental sobre Eyewitness Testimony (EWT), criado por kati.lombardi em 07-05-2014.
Sem etiquetas
psychology
memory
a levels
Mapa Mental por
kati.lombardi
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
kati.lombardi
aproximadamente 10 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
Eyewitness Testimony (EWT)
3 Stages
Encodes into LTM details of event
Witness retains information for a period of time. Memories may be lost or modified
Witness retrieves memory from storage
Accuracy
Loftus and Palmer (1974)
To see if leading questions affected accuracy
Estimated speed was correlational to the severity of the adjective
'Critical question'
Factors that influence accuracy
Anxiety
Weapon focus
Arousal may focus the witness on more central details than peripheral details
Loftus et al (1987)
Suggested that the weapon distracted attention from the person holding it
Explains why some EWT have poor recall for violent crimes
High and low levels of anxiety impact EWT badly
Curvilinear relationship
Yerkes-Dodson Law (1908)
Age of witness
Age differences
Parker and Carranza (1989)
Compared primary students and college students
Task was to identify target in a mock crime
Kids had higher rate of choosing, but were more likely to make errors
Yarmey (1993)
Stopped 651 adults and asked them to recall a young women
Found no significant difference between age
Memon et al (2003)
Studied accuracy between 16-33 and 60-82
When the delay was short (35mins) there was no difference
When the delay was longer (2weeks) the older witnesses were much less accurate
Own age bias
Superior memory for faces within age group
Anastasi and Rhodes (2006) used 3 age groups (18-25, 35-45, 55-78)
All age groups were most accurate with identifying their own
Shown photographs that'd fit within each age group
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