GCSE PE - 5

GCSE PE - 5

1. How to Prevent Injury

   • Warm-up and cool-down practices
   • Understand the rules of the game.
   • Wear correct clothing and footwear and protective clothing and equipment for different sports.
   • Balance competition terms, i.e. grading, weight, sex, age and skill levels

2. DR ABC

   • Danger
     • Response
       • Airway
         • Breathing
           • Circulation

3. First Aid

   • Conscious - make them comfortable, check airway and if they are breathing, check circulation and check for injury.
     • Breathing - keep in recovery position, check airway and if they are breathing, check circulation and check for injury.
       • Pulse Present - Keep them on their back, continue M.M.V (mouth to mouth ventilation) and check pulse and breathing.
   • Unconscious - Put them into the recovery position, clear their airway and tilt their head, look, listen and feel for breathing.
     • Not Breathing - Put them on their back, start mouth to mouth ventilation, give 2 full breaths and then check circulation.
       • Pulse Absent - start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and check pulse and breathing.

4. Recovery Position

   • When a person is unconscious we place them in the recovery position to prevent them from :-
     • 1. Being Sick
       • 2. Choking
         • 3. Their tongue falling back and blocking their airway.
   • After placing a person in the recovery position, dial 999 for help.
   • You have to keep checking their breathing every 2-3 minutes until help arrives.

5. Hard Tissue Injuries

   • Fractures and Dislocations
     • Fractures - Break in the bone.
       • Simple (closed) fracture - bone stays under the skin.
       • Compound (open) fracture - bone breaks through the
     • Dislocations - Bone at a joint is forced out of its normal position.
       • Also could be possible ligament damage around the joint. Could be caused by strong force wrenching the bone.
         • Eg. Rugby Tackle.
     • Stress Fractures - Small cracks in the bone, often an overuse injury and caused by running too much in a hard surface.
       • Use ice to reduce inflammation.
         • Get immediate rest.
           • Keep fit doing other activities.
             • Check footwear for problems.

6. Soft Tissue Injuries

   • Includes:- sprains, strains, cartilage damage, tendon and ligament damage, minor injuries (cuts, grazes and bruises).
   • Treatment is R.I.C.E
     • Rest - Rest the injured part to prevent further injury.
       • Ice - Apply ice or a cold compress to reduce blood flow, pain and swelling.
         • Compression - Compress the injury to reduce bleeding and swelling.
           • Elevation - Elevate the injured part to reduce bleeding, swelling and throbbing.