Attachment

Attachment

1. Attachment

   • Learning theory (Behavioural)
     • Classical Conditioning
       • Unconditioned reinforcer
         • Conditioned response
       • Association
       • Pavlov's dogs
     • Operant conditioning
       • Drive state
         • Rewards
     • Cupboard love
       • Harlow and Harlow's monkeys
   • A strong emotional, reciprocal bond between infant and primary caregiver
     • 4 Criteria
       • Orientates around primary caregiver
       • Distress upon separation
       • Pleasure upon reunion
       • Seek proximity, particularly when stressed
   • Evolutionary (Bowlby)
     • Innate programming
       • Imprinting
         • Lorenz' goslings
       • Infants' temperament
       • Caregiver Sensitivity Hypothesis
     • Critical period
       • 2½ years
         • Sensitive period, adoption
     • Continuity hypothesis
       • Monotropy
       • Internal working model
   • Disruptions in Attachment
     • Separation: time apart from primary caregiver with the intent of reunition
     • Deprivation: prolonged separation
     • Privation: no attachment at all
       • Reactive Attachment Disorder
         • "Crazy Beth" - Child of Rage
           • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g2-Re_Fl_L4
   • Day Care
   • Strange Situation
     • Ainsworth and Method
     • Cultural Variation
       • Takahashi
         • Japanese children, extremely distressed and couldn't complete
       • Kroonenberg and Van Ijzendoorn
         • Collectivist
           • China, lowest
         • Individualistic
           • UK, highest secure
         • 8 countries, 32 studies; meta analysis - 70% Secure, 15% IR, 15% IA
     • Types
       • Secure
       • Insecure Avoidant
       • Insecure Resistant