Urban Development

Urban Development

1. Mega City

   • A city with over 10 million people

2. Urban Sprawl

   • Outward Growth of Urban Areas

3. Rural - Out in the country (farming and land etc.) Sparse Population because of the lack of Jobs, clean water and sanitation.

4. Urban - In a city (London),Offie Jobs and High Level of Transport, Dense Population because of the amount of Jobs, pleasant climate and has good hygiene and communications

5. Challenges a city faces with growing population: Housing - growth of slums and house prices rise. Traffic Congestion because of the increased number of cars. This causes pollution of CO2 but also this leads to smog and bronchitis. Disease like TB and Cholera , this is because of a lack of public health care. A lack of employment , low wages to a lack of qualifications and people taking the jobs. Water Pollution, not enough to go around, limited to an hour a day

   • Traffic Congestion in an MEDC- Chelmsford- Essex- South East England. ARMY AND NAVY roundabout has 5 on off lip roads, some of which link the A12. Chelmer Village retail park causes back up. NEW LONDON ROAD -leads to station and Bus Staion, main route for town.
     • There are some solutions for this- park and ride schemes bus lanes speed limits, park and cycle lanes.

6. Environmental Hazards in Urban Areas: Water sources polluted by industry and human waste. Waste is burnt causing toxic pollution. Greenspace is built on, less room, Growing demand for transport, this causes a major amount of vehicle emissions causing smog and bronchitis. Burning of fossil fuels, causing CO2.

7. Inequalities in Urban Areas. People are depriviated (a persons quality of life has fallen below the governments average)

   • What determines this- GDP (gross domestic product) unemployment levels etc. Literacy levels, how well a person can read or write, life expectancy, levels of crime

8. Growth in LEDC'S- Reality for the people who leave and an example of a rapidly growing LEDC

   • Slums, bad sanitation, low level of food and water, lack of jobs, lack of green space, pollution, health problems.
     • Mumbai, India. Has rapidly increased, in 1985 it was 8, million and in 2007 it was 18.2 million. The reasons for this are:
       • People are leaving the rural area because farming was becoming really hard work, there was a lack of public services, lack of. employment opportunities. People move because there are more schools, and they feel there will be more of an opportunity for housing and jobs but in a matter of fact it is the opposite.
       • Advantages of Urban Growth in LEDC's - community spirit, access to clean water and better sanitation, education and healthcare. The slums provide better housing, it is better than living on the streets. The urban poor provide a massive workforce which keeps the city running.