History- Ancient Egypt

History- Ancient Egypt

1. Nile River

   • Beliefs
     • Gods
       • Hapi
       • Ra
   • Agriculture
     • Washed ashore black, fertile mud for crops
     • Crops planted along the Nile
     • Nile relied on for food
   • Importance
     • Herodotus quotes "Egypt is the gift of the Nile"
     • Without the Nile Egyptians could not...
       • Bathe
       • Drink reliable water
       • Plant crops for food
     • Hymn of the Nile

2. Religion and Beliefs

   • Gods
     • Most important
       • Osiris
         • God of death
       • Ra
         • God of the Sun
       • Hapi
         • God of the Nile
     • Worship
       • Temples
         • In front of a shrine or statue
       • Home
   • Afterlife and death
     • Mummification
       • To keep the body well preserved throughout the afterlife
       • Wealthy Egyptians and Pharaohs could afford it
       • God
         • Anubis
     • Journey to the Afterlife
       • Weighing of the hearts ceremony
         • Heavier then ma'at
           • Oblivion
             • Egyptians fear oblivion
           • Eaten by Hammut
           • Evil and bad weighs down your heart
         • Light as ma'at
           • Pass to the underworld
           • Osiris approves
           • Good intentions are favourable to ma'at
       • Field of Reeds: Afterlife
         • Similar to life
         • Better and more blissful
         • Eternal

3. Social Structure and Jobs

   • Pharaohs/ Royal Family
     • Top of social structure
       • Don't have to do jobs
       • Rule egypt
       • Seen as a god
         • Osiris (first pharaoh)
     • Seen as a god
   • Visiers and Priests
     • Carried out services
       • To the pharaoh
       • To the gods
       • In the temple
   • Scribes
     • Wealthy
     • Literate
     • Wrote
       • Heiroglyphics
   • Craftsmen
     • Skilled
     • Crafts
       • Furniture
       • Tools
   • Workers and Peasants
     • Poor
     • Worked on the farm
     • Were paid, but very little
     • Most common form of egyptian
   • Slaves
     • Bottom of the Social Structure
     • Did very hard work with no pay
     • Treated like scum
     • Built the Pyramids

4. Topography

   • 'Red' Land
     • Barren desert
     • Hard to survive
     • Have a permanent settlement
   • 'Black' Land
     • On the bank of the nile
       • Washed ashore black silt and rich mud
       • Fertile and used for crops
     • Washed ashore by the floods