#Sheet: History of Medical Services in Sudan

HISTORY OF MEDICAL SERVICES - SUDAN

• History of medical services in Sudan (1898-2015)

Content

• First Phase (Prior to 1898):
• Second Phase (After 1898):
• A- The period 1898 - 1925
• B- The period 1926 - 1950
• C- The period 1951 - 1970
• D- The period 1971 - 2015

First Phase prior to 1898

• - Early Epidemic Diseases:
• - Cholera
• - Smallpox
• - Fevers
• - Environmental sanitation problems
• - Severe famines
• - Arab traditional medicine
• - African Superstition
• - Sudan remained free of the plague

Slide 4

• Turco-Egyptian Medical Adminstartion (1820-1885)
• Limited coverage and quality
• Dealing mainly with government officials and military personnel
• Establishment of treatment centers and national environmental sanitation
• National vaccination campaigns against Smallpox
• Training of auxiliary health personnel

Second Phase after 1898

• A-The period 1898 - 1925
• Department of the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium the first attempt to provide medical care to general population
• Growth of medical department hampered by budgetary limitations and interrupted by outbreak of first world ware
• It laid down the foundation of modern health services and allowed their strengthening
• Training of healthw rokers started after the war
• Role of missions (Christian medical mission) provision of medical health services remote areas
• Establishment of Medical Research Organization 1903

Second Phase after 1898

• Welcome tropical research laboratories 1903
• Systematic study and investigation of tropical diseases
• Sleeping sickness, Smallpox, Cerebrospinal Meningitis & Relapsing fever.
• Malaria in connection with Gazira & pump irrigation schemes
• Period of creation of basic health structure
• Extension of health services to RURAL areas

Second Phase after 1898

• The period 1925 - 1950
• Consolidatio and expanision of medical serices
• Gradual evolutiion of medical services as a full time government Department
• Transfer of medical leadership during transitional period from colonial status to independence
• Kitchener School of Medicine first medical school in Tropical Africa (1924)
• By 1951 graduates of Kitchener School of Medicine constitued >60% of doctors in Sudan
• Medical assistants school Port Sudan 1918
• First village Midwifery school Omdurman 1921

Second Phase after 1898

• Ministry of Health
• Established in the year 1948
• Headed by the first Sudanese Minister of Health Dr.Ali Badri (graduated from Kitchener school of medicine first batch)
• A ten year plan was developed for provision of health services covering the period 1951- 1960

Second Phase after 1898

• Khartoum Faculty of Medicine
• On the year 1951 Kitchener school of medicine was named Khartoum faculty of Medicine
• One of the faculties of University of Khartoum

Second Phase after 1898

• First Sudanese Parliament & Goverment
• 1953 - The election of the first Sudanese Parliament
• Appointment of the first sudanese government
• Sudan independence January first 1956

Second Phase after 1898

• The period 1951-1970
• Rapid advance in development of the medical services
• Plans for control of epidemic and endemic diseases
• Commujnity oriented public health work

Second Phase after 1898

• The period 1971 - 2013
• Adoption of Primary Health as a strategy for deliver of health services (1976)
• Development of national hjealth programs, Malaria, Nutrition, Immunization, etc.
• Implementation of District Health system for provision of health srevies at locality level
• Fight against major diseas e,.g. Poliomelitis, Measles, Neonatal Tetanus & Malari