Flashcards
B1.1 cell theory-prokaryotic cell
Flashcards do conjunto (16)
- 1What is the nucleoid?an irregular shaped area that holds the DNA in a circular chromosome without a nuclear membrane.
- 2What is the function of the nucleoid?Controls cellular activity.
- 3What is the plasmid?a small loop of DNA that carries the genes that ensure the survival of the organism.
- 4What is the difference between the ribosomes in an eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell?Eukaryotic cells have larger ribosomes (80S) compared to prokaryotic cells (70S), the size is determined by their ability to form sediment in a solution.
- 5What is the process known as transcription?a section of DNA containing the genetic code for a metabolite unwinds and hydrogen bonds break, RNA nucleotides line up and messenger RNA is formed.
- 6What is complementary base pairing?the way in which nitrogenous in DNA pair with each other (Adenine(A) with Thymine (T) or Uracil (U) in mRNA and Guanine (G) with cytosine (C).
- 7What is translation?the production of protein which occurs at the ribosomes.
- 8what is RNA?ribonucleic acid, a molecule with long chains of nucleotides.
- 9What process can be used to classify bacteria?Gram Staining
- 10What two groups of bacteria are classified using the Gram stain techniqueGram positive and gram negative.
- 11What colour do Gram-positive bacteria stain?Purple.
- 12What colour do Gram-negative bacteria stain?Pink.
- 13What is meant by prokaryotic cells?single-celled micro-organisms with no membrane-bound organelles including a nucleus.
- 14What is a prokaryotic cell?cells.
- 15What is the structure of the cell wall of prokaryotic cells?it is made up of peptidoglycan which protects and supports cell.
- 16What is the structure and function of the capsule?it is a slippery layer outside the cell wall which protects and prevents dessication.