Flashcards
Technology Materials
Flashcards do conjunto (65)
- 1Toggle Switch (Latching)Available in a variety of shapes, sizes and switching positions depending on the task.
Off an on positions, once switched they stay on till switched again.
Used in lighting, power switch and control panels. - 2Push to make switch (PTM)A wide variety of shapes, colours and sizes.
The legs are only connected when the switch is pressed; no polarity, normally open.
Used in door bells, intercoms and keyboards.
- 3Push to break (PTB)Identical to PTM so check connectivity.
The legs are only disconnected when the switch is pressed; no polarity, normally closed.
Used in alarm systems and control systems.
- 4Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)Small light sensitivve panel in plastic shroud, two wires for mounting to circuit.
Resistance increases in the dark and decreases in light, no polarity.
Used in street lights, solar garden lights, security and child night lights, low-light meter for sporting events.
- 5ThermistorSmall coloured disc, two wires for mounting to circuit.
Resistance changes with a change in temperature, no polarity.
Used in thermostats on central heating systems, fridges, freezers and digital thermometers.
- 6Pressure switchComes in all different shapes, sizes and colours.
Detects pressure from being pressed, can perform on/off tasks or detect gradual pressure being applied.
Used in burglar alarm systems, video game floor mats, sensing fluid pressure in pipes.
- 7Light Emitting Diode (LED)Available in a variety of sizes, shapes and colours, mostly 5mm round.
Produces light, has polarity, low voltage, low power consumption, long-lasting, hard to change if broken.
Used in low power lighting, torches, TV screens, power indicators.
- 8LampAvailable in a variety of sizes, shapes, colours and levels of power.
Produces light, can be brighter than LEDs, less economical as heat produced. Not long-lasting, easy to change.
Used in household lamps, car headlamps, street lights, floodlights, security lights.
- 9BuzzerSmall compact units in plastic casing, available in a variety of sizes and sounds.
Mid- to high- pitches buzz created by fast oscillating electromagnetic parts, has polarity.
Used in alarm systems, door entry systems, kids toys, electronics games.
- 10SpeakerSpeaker cone shaped into magnetic coil at base, available in a variety of sizes.
Full range of sound available, variety of power ratings, variety of frequency respones.
Used in headphones, music systems, intercoms and radios.
- 11Bleed proof paperCoated white with slight texture.
70 gsm, coated to stop solvent-based markers staining through the page. Deeper colours are achieved as ink stays on the surface.
Used with marker pens for design ideas and final designs. - 12Cartridge paperThick white paper with a slightly rought surface texture.
120-150 gsm, completely opaque and more expensive than photocopier paper.
Pencil and ink drawings, sketching and water colour. - 13Grid paperWhite paper with a printed grid of squares, isometric lines or other patterns.
Usually printed onto 80 gsm paper with faint lines often in light blue ink.
Used for graphical, scientidical and mathmetical diagrams. - 14Layout paperOff white, medium opacity sheet with a smooth finish. Translucency decreases as gsm increases.
40-60 gsm, semi-translucent, takes most media well, some inks can smear.
Used in sketches, working ideas, copying and tracing images. - 15Tracing paperOff white, low opacity sheet. Transluceny decreases as gsm increases.
40-120 gsm, translucent, takes pencil and most colours well.
Used in copying and tracing images, design adaptations and working drawings. - 16Corrugated Cardboard (Fibreboard)Natural brown board finished on one or both sides with bonded paper.
1000-5000 microns, strong, lightweight and rigid perpendicular to corrugations, insulative and easily printed on.
Used in packaging, boxes and impact protection. - 17Duplex boardTwo layers of card bonded together, white external layer.
200-500 gsm, stiff, lightweight coatings to improve functionality.
Cheaper version of white card used for packaging boxes. Often given a waxy coating for food and drinks containers. - 18Foil lined boardWhite card, coated/laminated with aluminium goil bonded on one side.
200-400 gsm, stiff, foil reflects heat and a water/oil resistant coating enables food and liquid based products to be contained. Retains heat for longer.
Used in takeaway containers and lids. - 19Foam core boardSmooth board surface front and back, foam inner core.
3-10mm thich, lightweight, rigid in all directions, creases and cracks under pressure, expanded polystyrene centre.
Used in architectural models, prototypes, mounting and framing of art and photos. - 20Ink jet cardBrilliant white card with a smooth finish.
120-350 gsm, medium to thick card treated to hold a high quality photo image. Ink dries on the surface for deeper colours.
Used in high quality photo images. - 21Solid white boardHigh quality card, brilliant white smooth finish.
200-500 gsm, stiff board, holds colour well, easily cut or creased.
Used for cards, packaging, advertising, hot foil stamping and embossing. - 22AshPale/brown cream
Flexible, tough, shock resistant, laminates well.
Used in sports equipment and tool handles. - 23BeechDense/close grain with an attractive pink hue.
Fine finish, tough and durable.
Used in kids toys and models, furniture and veneers. - 24MahoganyRich reddish brown
Easily worked, durable and finishes well.
Used in high end furniture, joinery, veneers. - 25OakLight brown with an interesting and variable grain.
Tough, hard, durable, high quality finish possible.
Used in flooring, furniture, railway sleepers and veneers. - 26BalsaPale cream/white, open grained, large and unusually fast growing hardwood tree.
Very soft and spongy, very lightweight but can snap in thin sections.
Used in prototyping and modelling. - 27LarchPale to reddish brown with a contrasting grain.
Durable, tough, good water resistance, good surface finish and machines well. Issues with loose knots.
Used in exterior cladding, flooring, machined mouldings, furniture and joinery. - 28PinePale yellow to pale brown, attractive grain that darkens with age.
Lightweight, easy to work, can split and be resinous near knots.
Used in interior constructions (exterior if treated), cheaper furniture and decking. - 29SpruceWhite/cream with a fine even grain.
Easy to work, high stiffness to weight ratio. Variable results when staining.
Used in construction, furniture and musical instruments. - 30Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF)Smooth, dull, light brown finish available in many veneered options.
Rigid and stable, good value with a smooth, easy to finish surface. Very absorbent.
Used in flat pack furniture, toys, kitchen units and internal construction. - 31PlywoodAlternating layers of natural grain veneers.
Very stable due to alternate layering at 90°, thin flexible version (flexiply).
Used in furniture, shelving, toys and construction. Interior, exterior and marine grades. - 32ChipboardPale grey/brown with no natural grain. Covered in a laminate - Formica.
Good compressive strength, not water resistant unless treated, good value, prone to chipping.
Used in flooring, low-end furniture, kitchen units and worktops. - 33Low carbon steel (Mild steel) Carbon content - 0.05 - 0.3%Bright grey with smoth texture, quickly oxidises if not protected.
Tough, ductile, easily machined, formed, brazed or welded.
Used in construction girders, screws, nails, nuts and bolts, car bodies and bike frames. - 34High carbon steel (Tool steel) Carbon content - 0.6 - 1.5%Similar to mild steel but does not rust as readily, very smooth texture.
Less ductile, harder than mild steel due to carbon content, very hard wearing.
Used in gardens or workshop tools, blades, scissors, wood and metal cutting tools. - 35Cast iron Carbon content - 2.4 - 4%Dull, varying shades of grey, rough texture unless machined, prone to rust.
Hard but btrittle in thin section. Easily cast into complex shapes.
Used in kitchen pots, pans, machine bases, bodies, vices, manhole covers, post boxes. - 36AluminiumLight grey, can be polished to a mirror finish but often has brushed matt finish.
Lightweight, high stength to weight ratio, ductile, difficult to weld.
Used in pots, pans, sports car body panels, bike frames, drinks cans, foil or takeawy trays. - 37CopperLight reddish brown, polishes well, oxidises to an attractive green-grey shade.
Ductile, malleable, good elextrical conductor.
Used in plumbing supplies, electrical cables, bespoke roofing and guttering. - 38TinSilvery white, often plated onto steel with a shiny finish.
Soft, malleable, ductile, good electrical conductor.
Used in cans, bronze, soft solder, plating. - 39ZincSilvery grey with bluish-white hue, matt finish.
Fair electrical conductivity, malleability, ductility but all improve when alloyed.
Used to galvanise steel to prevent rusting. - 40BrassYellowish gold, polishes well and oxidises to a dark antique brown.
A heavy alloy of copper and zinc, malleable, easy to cast/machine.
Used in musical instruments, bushes, plumbing fitments, ornate artefacts and hardware. - 41Stainless steelSilver hue that can be polished or mirror finish. Resists rust well.
A ferrous alloy, hard, very smooth but difficult to weld.
Used in cutlery, kitchen and medical equipment. - 42High speed steelVaries depending on the combination of metals alloyed with steel.
Able to withstand high temperatures created when machining at high speed, keeps its cutting edge well.
Used in cutting tools such as drill bits, mill cutters, taps and dies. - 43Polyethylene terepthalateClear, easily coloured with a smooth finish.
Dimensionally stable, easily blow moulded, chemically resistant and fully recyclable.
Used in bottles, food packaging, sheeting and some food wraps.
- 44High density polyethyleneOpaque, takes colour well, can be textured.
Lightweight, rip and chemical resistant, recyclable at premium price.
Used in milk bottles, pipes, storage crates, hard hats and wheelie bins.
- 45Polyvinyl chlorideRange of colours, high gloss finish, available in sheets or shaped as rigid PVC.
Flexible, high plasticity, chemically resistant, tough and easily extruded.
Used in raincoats, pipes, electrical tape, air mattresses and self-adhesive vinyl.
- 46Low density polyethyleneClear, thin to medium thick film with a smooth finish that takes colour well.
Very flexible and tough with a high strength to weight ratio. It is blow mouldable and easily extruded into film rolls
Used in plastic carrier bags, refuse sacks, piping, bottles and plastic food wraps.
- 47PolypropyleneAvailable in sheets or shapes that are easily coloured.
Flexible, tough, lightweight, chemically resistant, easily cleaned and safe with food.
Used in kitchen, medical and stationery products, rope.
- 48High impact polystyrene (HIPS)Flat, clear or coloured sheet for vacuum forming.
Flexible, impact resist, lightweight, food safe, very toxic when burnt.
Used in food containers or yoghurt pots.
- 49Acrylic (Poly-methyl Meth Acrylate - PMA)Thick to thin sheets, bars and tubes in different colours with smooth finish.
Tough but brittle when thin, easily scratched, formed and bonded.
Used in car lights, display stands, trophies, table tops, modern baths, jumpers, hats and gloves.
- 50Epoxy resin (ER) - AralditeSupplied as 2 liquids - resin and hardener, when mixed sets clear with smooth finish.
Strong, good strength to weight ratio, expensive, heat resistant, high VOCs.
Used to bond materials, electronic circuit boards, waterproof coating and lamination. - 51Melamine formaldehyde (MF)Formed and moulded into a variety of shapes, smooth, many colours, printed.
Food safe, hygienic, lightweight, hard, brittle, not microwave safe.
Used in kitchenware and heat resistant surfaces bonded to worktops and flat packed furniture. - 52Urea formaldehyde (UF)Smooth finish, limited colours - mainly white, very versatile.
Heat resistant, very good electrical insulator, hard, brittle, easily injection moulded.
Used in electrical fittings, casings, buttons and handles. Also an adhesive. - 53Polyester resin (PR)Supplied as 2 liquids - resin and hardener. Sets clear, smooth and can be coloured.
Strong, heat resistant, good electrical conductor, high VOCs when curing.
Used in encapsulation of artefacts, waterproof coatings and flooring. - 54Phenol formaldehydeFrequently injection moulded, limited colour paletter, high gloss finish.
Rigid, hard, brittle, electrixal insulator with good chemical resistance.
Used in electrical components, mechanical parts, casting resin, clocks, telephones and radios. - 55CottonWhite fluffy boll from cotton plant, fibres combed and spun into yarn. Takes dyes.
Soft, strong, absorbent, cool to wear, easily washable, brushed finish.
Used in clothes - shirts, underwear and denim - towels and bedsheets. - 56WoolAnimal fleece spun into yarn, easy to dye, many colours and textures.
Fine, soft to thick, coarse, warm, crease resistant, can shrink, often blended.
Used in jumpers, coats, suits, accessories, felt products and carpets. - 57SilkFine natural protein fibre, natural shine, readily takes dye, watered effect.
Soft, fine finish, gentle on skin, cool in summer, warm in winter, drapes well, absorbent, strong when dry, hard to wash, creases easily, expensive.
Used in luxury clothing, bed sheets, wall hangings, paintings and furnishings. - 58PolyesterCan be made into different fabrics.
Tough, strong, hard wearing, versatile, holds colour well, non-absorbent, quick drying, easily coloured, often blended.
Used in clothes, fleeces, bedsheets, carpets, wadding, rope, threads, backpacks, umbrellas and sportswear. - 59Polyamide (Nylon)Versatile, easily coloured.
Strong, hard wearing, non absorbent, machine washes well, easily blended.
Used in clothes, ropes, webbings, parachutes, sports material. - 60Elastane (LYCRA)Smooth with sheen, takes colour easily.
Added to fabric to enhance stretch, allows freedom of movement, quick drying, holds colour well and machine washable.
Used in sportswear, swimsuits, hosiery, clothes, surgical and muscular supports. - 61Poly-cottonCotton-like, easily printed and dyed, creases less.
More durable, less breathable, cheaper.
Used in clothes, sheets, bedding. - 62Plain weaveThreads interlaced at 90°, warp threads run length with same pattern on both sides
Simple, cheaper, stronger.
Used in textiles, table cloths, upholstery and clothes. - 63Bonded fabricRandom laid fibres are visible in the fabric, it can have small or textured surface.
Lacks strength, no grain, does not fray.
Used in disposable product, tea bags, dish cloths and dusters. - 64Felted fabricMatted fibres randomly interspersed, wide range of colours and thicknesses.
Can be formed with moisture and heat, no elasticity or drape when dry. Can pull apart easily and expensive.
Used in hats, handicraft, pads under furniture, soundproofing and insulation. - 65Knitted fabricLoops of yarn are interlocked with each other via needles.
Warm to wear, Weft knits ladder and unravel more easily than warp.
Used in jumpers, cardigans, sportswear, underwear, socks, tights, leggings, toys.
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- GCSE Design and Technology FlashCards sobre Technology Materials, criado por Arun Pradeep em 16-03-2019.
- Criado por
- Arun Pradeep
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