Flashcards

LAST WYNTK BY MATTHEW REICHLE

reichlematthew Inglês 101 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (101)

1AmendmentIn the US constitution, it's an official law that can be added to the constitution with 3/4ths votes from both congress and the 50 states.
2AssimilateTo completely understand new ideas, information or culture
3Biasto unfairly show favor to one side
4Bicameralto have two branches or a legislative body, like the United States congress
5BlockadeA way of stopping goods from entering or leaving a place
6BoomtownA town hat is rapidly growing due to some kind of success or prosperity
7CapitalismAn economic system where a countries industry and trade are owned by private citizens as oppose to the government
8Captain of Industrya wealthy business leader who contributed positively to his/her country in some way. like jobs, increasing market or acts of philanthropy
9Checks and balancesa system in the US government where the 3 branches have influences to regulate the power of the other branches
10Congressthe legislative part of a countries government
11Due process of lawfair treatment in the judicial system
12Economicsknowledge that has to do with production, consumption and the transfer of wealth
13EmancipatedTo free from bondage
14Enumeratedto say something seperately in a list like counting
15EnfranchiseTo give the right to vote
16FederalismThe separation of powers between a national, local and state level
17Forty-ninersThe mascot of the San Francisco football team but to signify the year the gold rush started
18Free EnterpriseA system where private businesses can compete with one another with little interference from the government
19Habeas CorpusA law giving one, under arrest, the right to be seen before a judge or go on trial
20Industryeconomic activity that has to do with processing raw goods into manufactured goods that takes place in a factory
21Judicialthe part of a nations government that has to do with judgement in courts of justice and interpreting laws
22Ku Klux Klana secretive organization that started after the civil war meant to intimidate blacks and anyone who supported blacks through violence
23Manifest DestinyA belief that it was the destiny of the US to spread west from coast to coast
24Martyra person who is killed because of their religious beliefs
25Monopolycomplete control of an industry, trade, supply or service
26Nomadicsomeone who moves around a lot for a variety of reasons
27Overridewhen the president veto's a law proposed by congress. Congress can override his veto with 2/3rd s majority
28Popular Soveigntystates that the election of government officials is decided by the people
29Ratifyto approve
30Radicalto do, believe or say something uncommon or very different
31Republicanismstates that the election of government officials is decided by the people
32Robber BaronA wealthy and greedy businessman who would stop at nothing to get more money even if it's immoral
33Rurala geographical area that is located outside cities or towns
34Separation of PowersThe separation of power between three branches of government, Judicial, Legislative and Executive
35Social DarwinismThe belief related to normal darwinism that states that the people who have the better business skills and will succeed and those who don't will fail
36Suffragethe right to vote in political elections
37Supreme CourtThe highest court in the United Staes consisting of nine judges
38Tariffthe tax made by the government on imports or exports and other things
39Taxation without representationTo be taxed by a government in which that person has no say in
40Trade UnionAn organization made to benefit workers with safe working conditions, fair wages and others
41UrbanA city or town with a dense population
42Vetothe right of the president to stop a law that is proposed by congress
43Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson wrote the declaration of independence. He was also our 3rd president and made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Also sending Lewis and Clark to explore the land a year later.
44Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson was a war hero and also our 7th president. He was a very tough and strong willed president who usually got what he wanted. He is known for relocating Native Americans to Oklahoma in the Trail of Tears.
45SacagaweaThis young native american women is famous for guiding Lewis and Clark on their expedition to the pacific ocean. Without her Lewis and Clark probably wouldn't have made it and westward expansion would have been delayed years.
46James PolkMr. Manifest destiny is the nickname for our 11th president. He is known for accumulating more land than any other president. These include Texas, Oregon Terr. and the southwest.
47Frederick DouglassThis man is a former slave who's life became famous through the narrative of Frederick Douglass. He is also a famous abolitionists who famously spoke out against slavery.
48Harriet Beecher StoweThis woman was a famous abolitionist who wrote fiction books depicting the life of slaves. Her most famous being Uncle Tom's Cabin. Her books opened peoples eyes on the horrible lives of slaves.
49John BrownAnother abolitionist whom used violence to fight the advance of slavery through Kansas. He was killed trying to rob the Federal arsenal to arm slaves to fight back.
50Robert E. LeeThis man was the primary and best confederate general. He won many battles in the east, especially Virginia. He surrendered at Appomattox courthouse in 1965 which ended the war.
51Andrew JohnsonThe 17th president of the US. He was also the vice president to Abraham Lincoln. He was a democrat who didn't support black equality. He supported the south after the civil war and was an enemy to republicans in congress.
52Susan B. AnthonyThis woman was a leader for women's rights and suffrage. She worked with Elizabeth Stanton and tirelessly worked for women equality.
53Sitting BullThis is a famous Lakota Indian Chief who fought back against whites. He was later captured and killed with 200 others in the massacre of Wounded Knee.
54George CusterThis man was high ranking in the US military. He signed a peace treaty with Lakota Indians promising not to remove them from their lands. He later broke that promise and he was killed trying to remove them from their lands in the battle of Little Big Horn.
55Cornelius VanderbiltThis man who helped build America was a multibillionaire. He mostly made his money after railroads. He donated to charity a lot and even has a college named after him.
56John RockefellerThis is the richest man who ever lived. He helped build America. He was the first one to really mass produce refined oil and sell it rapidly.
57Andrew CarnegieAnother man who built america. He was the first person to mass produce clean steel. He became a billionaire but was known to give workers bad working conditions and low wages. He gave much money to libraries.
58JamestownThis is the first European settlement of the new world where they were looking for gold but instead John Ralph got rich over tobacco.
59PlymouthThe second European settlement at Plymouth rock where people were seeking religious refuge when they came on the Mayflower. They survived from the Indians help in the first Thanksgiving.
60Lexington and ConcordThese two cities were going to be attacked by the British because of weapons, but Paul Revere got there first and warned the militia who were able to chase away the British.
61Erie CanalThis canal connected Chicago with the Atlantic Ocean. It opened up trade and things became cheaper and more economic opportunities were available.
62The AlamoWhen Texas was seeking independence from Mexico the Mexican army massacred many Texans here. That gave inspiration to a lot of people that said remember the Alamo. Texas eventually gained their independence.
63Harpers FerryThis city in Virginia is the home of the federal arsenal. John Brown attempted to rob it in order to arm slaves to fight back against slavery. He fail and was captured. He was executed a week later.
64Fort SumterThis is the first battle of the civil war. Where union troops surrendered a fort off of the coast of South Carolina. No casualties. The confederacy won.
65GettysburgThis was the bloodiest battle of the civil war in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Gerneral Lee tried to attack the north but lost a third of his army about 51,000 American men died. This is also where Abraham Lincoln gave the famous Gettysburg address.
66Appomattox CourthouseThis small courthouse in Virginia is where Generals Grant and Lee met to agree the terms of Lee's surrender. Days later the other confederate generals surrendered and the war was over in the unions favor.
67Ford's TheaterThis place is a the theater where Abraham Lincoln went to see a play after the war ended. Sadly it's also where John Wilkes Booth assassinated president Lincoln. This would have a horrible affect on our country.
68Promontory Point, UtahThis point in the Utah desert is where the transcontinental railroad was finished. From that point the east and west became connected. The railroad went from San Francisco to Omaha.
69Ellis and Angel islandImmigrant coming to America were to first stop on these island to become legal citizens of the United States. They were checked for criminal and health records. Most people made it in but some were deported.
70Declaration of IndependenceThis important document was known as "our break up letter with Britain." Very important in our nations history. It was written by Thomas Jefferson and signed by many men. This sparked the revolutionary war which led to our independence.
71Revolutionary WarThe 13 colonies wanted their independence from britain so the started the first war in our nations history. The revolutionary war was a war with basically militia versus trained men. THe colonies won independence anyway.
72Articles of ConfederationThis document was our first constitution. It was a missing a lot of elements that were needed to run a country. It had many flaws and so they wrote a new one 9 years later which is still our constitution today.
73Great CompromiseThe New Jersey plan wanted each state to have an equal amount of representatives in congress and the Virginia plan wanted representation based off population. They compromised by including both forming the senate and the house.
74Passing of the ConstitutionThe new and improved constitution was passed in 1789 and nine years after the articles of confederation. It was a great document and probably the most important. We still use it to this day.
75Adding the Bill of RightsThe bill of rights are the first 10 amendments to our constitution. They listed the 10 important rights of the citizens of the United States. They cannot be taken away or denied to anyone.
76Louisiana PurchaseIn 1803 Thomas Jefferson wanted to buy New Orleans from Napoleon but was offered 828,000 square miles instead. For only 15 million dollars. He jumped at the deal and it doubled the size of our country.
77Missouri CompromiseMissouri wanted to enter the union as a slave state but that would throw off the balance. This compromise said that any state below 36 30 would be a slave state and any state north would become a free state. Also another free state or maine would be formed.
78Indian Removal Acts5 Indian tribes were living in the south so Andrew Jackson signed an act to move them all to Oklahoma. They were forced to move and their journey there was known as the trail of tears. Many died and many indians hate Jackson today.
79Mexican-American WarThis was a short war and a very successful war. After beating Mexico over a period of only a few years the United Staes was able to gain the whole Southwest territories. Including California, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada and Utah.
80California Gold RushIn 1849 gold was discovered in San Francisco. People from all over the country came in attempt to get rich. It heavily increased California's population. The 49ers honor the event with their logo. California's official mineral is gold.
81Homestead ActIn order to encourage people to move west into the open territories this act was passed. It promised 160 acres of free land as long as one live on it for five years. Many people jumped at the opportunity.
82Industrial RevolutionA time period during the 1800's where America when technology increased a lot. America was transforming into an agricultural nation to an industrial nation. Factories were being built and people were moving to the cities.
83Underground RailroadWhen slavery was still going on in the south many slaves attempted to escape to the north. They used the underground railroad. It was a series of secret hiding places along a route in the south that led to the north.
84Seneca Falls ConventionIn Seneca Falls, New York in 1848 many women who were aspiring for equal rights gathered. THey discussed strategies and their point to one day be equal as men.
85Compromise of 1850This compromise first admitted California as a free state while leaving Utah and New Mexico up to popular sovereignty. Also banning the slave trade inWashington DC while making stricter fugitive slave laws.
86Kansas-Nebraska ActThis compromise left the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide on slavery through popular vote. This caused many people to flood to Kansas which led to bleeding Kansas.
87Kansas-Nebraska ActThis compromise left the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide on slavery through popular vote. This caused many people to flood to Kansas which led to bleeding Kansas.
88Dred Scott v. SanfordThis supreme court ruling stated that any people of African descent were not considered citizens and cannot sue in court. Also saying that congress didn't have power to ban slavery in the territories.
89Fugitive Slave ActThe fugitive slave act made it possible for lost slaves to return to their owners who they have escaped from in the south. These laws made to where no black person was safe in the United States.
90Bleeding KansasAfter the Kansas Nebraska act people from both the south and the north were moving to Kansas. There was much conflict to assure that Kansas becomes a free state. All the conflict was known as bleeding Kansas
91Civil WarThis war from the conflict over slavery in the United States. The south seceded and the war started. It took 5 years and was the bloodiest war in american history. The North won and the nation was brought back together.
92Emancipation ProclamationAfter the battle of Antietam Abraham Lincoln issued the Proclamation of Emancipation. It stated that all areas in rebellion slavery is banned. That's exempting the border states.
93Civil War Draft RiotsDuring the civil war wealthy people were able to pay out of the war. That made the poor people who had to fight in the war mad. As a result in 1863 they rioted against and vandalized rich peoples properties.
94Gettysburg AddressSome say this is the most important speech in American History. When Abraham Lincoln after the battle of Gettysburg said in an inspirational speech about how we should continue to fight for the country to save it from ending. The main purpose was to honor the soldiers who died and to make a memorial.
95ReconstructionThis was a period after the civil war where the nation had to rebuild it self physically and emotionally. In order to be one united nation again. It was also to find a place for the 4 million former slaves. TO give them rights.
96Civil War AmendmentsThe three new amendments made after the civil war were called the civil war amendments. The 13th amendment was said to ban all institutions of slavery in the US forever. The 14th was that all people born in the US regardless of color are citizens. Last is the 15th that said the right to vote could not be denied to anyone.
97Completion of the Transcontinental RailroadThe transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869. It connected the eastern and western half of the United States. It was now easier to communicate, travel and trade between the different halves of the US.
98Indian WarsDuring westward expansion the whites were moving into the Indian Territory and trying to force them to move. The Indians fought back in order to not move. They won very few battles but eventually either assimilated died fighting or moved to a reservation.
99Gilded AgeThis is a period where the United States underwent extreme economic growth. That was from the outside though because the truth was that all that wealth was shared between a small number of people. Most people were very poor.
100Populist PartyRich people were controlling the government and making it only in favor for them. As a result the peoples party was formed to give the power back to the people. It eventually died off. BTW it started in Kansas.
101Plessy v. FergusonHomer Plessy was refused to sit in a public car because he was black. He sued saying that it was against his rights. The supreme court ruled against him and said it's okay as long as its "Separate but Equal." That phrase would be used to defend Jim Crow laws until the civil rights movement.