Flashcards
AQA GCSE Psychology Further Research Methods
Flashcards do conjunto (35)
- 1QuestionnaireA set of standard questions about a topic that is given to all participants in the survey
- 2SurveyA method used for collecting information from a large number of people by asking them questions either by using a questionnaire or an interview
- 3Closed QuestionA question where the possible responses are fixed.
Often yes or no - 4Open QuestionA question where the person answering can give any response they like
- 5Ecological ValidityThe results of the investigation can be said to apply to real life behaviour. They are an accurate account of behaviour in
the real world - 6Closed Questions Advantages-Data is easy to collate
-Percentages can be quickly
worked out
-Responses can be displayed graphically - 7Closed Questions Disadvantages-Little detail is given
-Answers can't be explained
-Options offered may not be clear enough or not representative of what the respondent wishes to say - 8Open Questions Advantages-Lot's of detail and
information provided
-Answers can be explained
-Answers given are representative of what they wish to say - 9Open Questions Disadvantages-Very hard to collate
-When categories are formed depth and detail is lost - 10Questionnaires Disadvantages-May be ambiguous
-Leading Questions
-Emotive questions may
upset people
-Social desirability - 11Questionnaires Advantages-A lot of data can be
collected quickly
-Can use open and closed questions each with their own advantages
-Ethical - 12InterviewA method in which a researcher collects data by asking
questions directly - 13Structured InterviewAn interview in which all the questions are pre-set, given in a fixed order and every interviewee is asked the same questions
- 14Unstructured InterviewAn interview in which only the first question is set and all the other questions are determined by the answers of the interviewee
- 15Types of Interviews-Face to face
-On the phone
-Over skype - 16Unstructured Interview Advantages-Detailed
-Ecological Validity
-large amounts of data
-Provide information that cannot be merely observed - 17Unstructured Interview Disadvantages-Researcher does not know if interviewee is truthful (inaccurate)
-Difficult to collate and analyse - 18Structured Interviews Advantages-large amounts of data
-Provide information that cannot be merely observed
-Easily collated and analysed - 19Structured Interview Disadvantages-Researcher does not know if interviewee is truthful (inaccurate)
-Lack detail
-Interviewer is unable to ask a clarifying question - 20Natural ObservationWatching the behaviour of people who are in their usual environment
- 21Categories of BehaviourThe separate actions that are recorded as examples of the
target behaviour - 22Inter-Observer reliabilitywhen this is high the records made by more than one observer in a study are considered to be accurate because they match or are very similar to each other
- 23Natural Observation VS Observation studyNatural observation are conducted in the participants' natural environment. Observation studies can be natural observations but can also be conducted in a lab setting
- 24Observation Advantages-High in ecological validity
-No misleading information given - 25Observation Disadvantages-Researchers don't know why the behaviour occurred
-Mistakes may be made when interpreting behaviour (inaccurate)
-Unethical due to no consent
-Difficult and time-consuming - 26Case Studyan in-depth investigation of an individual, a small group or
an organisation - 27Case Study Advantages-Detailed information provided about individuals (rather than score)
-Record behaviour over time
-One case study can disprove entire theory
(prompt new research) - 28Case Study Disadvantages-Very subjective
-Interpretations can be
biased (unreliable)
-Case study is unique
(no generalisation)
-Ethical issues (confidentiality, withdrawal, protection) - 29RelationshipA connection between two or
more variables - 30CorrelationA technique used by researchers to establish the strength of a relationship between two variables
CORRELATION does not
imply CAUSATION - 31Positive correlationA relationship between two variables in which, as the variable of one variable increases, the value of the other variables also increases
- 32Negative correlationA relationship between two variables in which, as the value of one variable increases, the value of the other variable decreases
- 33No correlationThere is no relationship between the two variables
- 34Correlation Advantage-Allows a researcher to see if two variables are connected
-Can be used when experiment is impossible/unethical (e.g. smoking) - 35Correlation Disadvantages-Doesn't indicate which of the two variables caused the relationship
-Large amounts of data needed
Informações
- Descrição
- Research methods 2 flashcards for AQA. All the information needed to pass. Just be careful, for the further research methods section you need to know some of the information from the original research method - but we have flashcards fro that as well. Good Luck
- Criado por
- Natalia Cliff
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