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PHSI3011 11-1 The Role of Muscle in Metabolism

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PHSI3011 11-1 The Role of Muscle in Metabolism
Michael Jardine
Quiz by Michael Jardine, updated more than 1 year ago
Michael Jardine
Created by Michael Jardine over 6 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Which of the following are sources of glucose (that end up in the blood, then onwards)?
Answer
  • Liver
  • Diet
  • Adipose tissue
  • Lungs

Question 2

Question
Fatty Acids can only be used in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] metabolism.
Answer
  • Aerobic
  • Anaerobic
  • Intrinsic
  • Extrinsic

Question 3

Question
Lactic acid from [blank_start]__________[blank_end] metabolism can be converted to [blank_start]__________[blank_end] by the [blank_start]__________[blank_end].
Answer
  • Anaerobic
  • Aerobic
  • Liver
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Lungs
  • Muscle Fibre
  • Blood
  • Glucose
  • Glycogen
  • Glucagon
  • Fatty Acids
  • Liver
  • Muscle Fibres
  • Blood
  • Anaerobes
  • Gut
  • Lungs

Question 4

Question
Skeletal Muscle released endocrine signals in the form of:
Answer
  • Myokines
  • Myometabolites
  • Other muscle-derived signals
  • Adipokines
  • Adipometabolites
  • Neutrophils

Question 5

Question
Endocrine signals released from Skeletal Muscle can go to which of the following:
Answer
  • Bone
  • Brain
  • Liver
  • Pancreas
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Cardiovascular
  • Gut
  • Itself

Question 6

Question
During exercise, the blood supply to the following areas is increased/decreased/unchanged: CNS: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] GI tract: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Kidney: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Muscles: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Answer
  • Increased
  • Decreased
  • Unchanged
  • Increased
  • Decreased
  • Unchanged
  • Increased
  • Decreased
  • Unchanged
  • Increased
  • Decreased
  • Unchanged

Question 7

Question
An overabundance of which of the following leads to obesity?
Answer
  • Fast-twitch fibres
  • Slow-twitch fibres
  • Both of the above
  • None of the above

Question 8

Question
Myokines are CYTOKINES and PROTEINS produced by muscle. Most are regulated by what?
Answer
  • Contractile activity
  • Diet
  • Growth factors
  • Endocrine signalling
  • Paracrine signalling

Question 9

Question
True or false: Myokines are the molecular link between nerve function and whole-body physiology?
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
Exercise-induced myokines include which of the following?
Answer
  • Irisin
  • Interleukin 6
  • Interleukin 15
  • Metrnl (Meteorin-like)
  • Angptl4 (Angiopoietin-like)
  • CXCL-1
  • Myostatin
  • Leptin
  • Angiopoietin
  • Myonectin

Question 11

Question
True or false: Irisin elevates energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
True or false: Irisin lowers energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
Irisin [blank_start]__________[blank_end] brown fat thermogenesis (browning & thermogenic function in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] fat)
Answer
  • Promotes
  • Inhibits
  • Prevents
  • White
  • Brown
  • Beige

Question 14

Question
Myokines have __________ functions.
Answer
  • Autocrine
  • Paracrine
  • Endocrine

Question 15

Question
Muscle displays plasticity in metabolic responses to:
Answer
  • Caloric availability
  • Physical activity

Question 16

Question
UCP1 is a core factor for [blank_start]__________[blank_end] in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Adipose Tissue.
Answer
  • Thermogenesis
  • Proliferation
  • Apoptosis
  • Torpor
  • Brown
  • White
  • Beige

Question 17

Question
InterLeukin 6 (IL6) is a myokine that happens to also be produced by:
Answer
  • Monocytes/Macrophages
  • Fibroblasts
  • Vascular Endothelial Cells
  • Vascular Epithelial Cells
  • Mitochondria

Question 18

Question
IL6 can be either PROinflammatory or ANTIinflammatory. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] is associated with insulin resistance and behaves in a proinflammatory way. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] leads to elevated anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL1ra and IL10).
Answer
  • Elevated Systemic IL6
  • Exercise-induced IL6

Question 19

Question
IL6 is produced __________ exercise.
Answer
  • During
  • After
  • Before

Question 20

Question
At exercise time (before? during? after?), IL6 is produced by:
Answer
  • Skeletal Muscle
  • Connective Tissue
  • The Brain
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Cardiac Muscle
  • Smooth Muscle

Question 21

Question
In addition to exercise, myokines can also be induced by:
Answer
  • Nutrients
  • Organelle Dysfunction
  • Stress Responses
  • Trying really hard

Question 22

Question
True or false: The nutrient Palmitate modifies expression of many myokines (including Irisin, FGF21, IL6, CXCL1, CXCL5, Myonectin).
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Autocrine myokines regulate [blank_start]__________[blank_end] and [blank_start]__________[blank_end]. (put the two in alphabetical order)
Answer
  • Myogenesis
  • Regeneration
  • Myocarditis
  • Apoptosis
  • Degeneration
  • Blood Pressure

Question 24

Question
Which of the following can be all of (Hepatokine, Adipokine, Myokine)?
Answer
  • FGF21
  • Irisin
  • Myonectin
  • IL6

Question 25

Question
Which of the following myokines can be a biomarker in: (Increased serum levels: Coronary Heart Disease, Cushing’s Syndrome, Carcinoid Atherosclerosis, Obesity/T2D, Mitochondrial Disease, Preeclampsia; Decreased serum levels: Anorexia Nervosa)?
Answer
  • FGF21
  • Irisin
  • Myonectin
  • IL6

Question 26

Question
How many hours of VIGOROUS INTENSITY exercise is recommended for WEIGHT LOSS?
Answer
  • 2½ – 5 hours/week
  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week
  • > 4 hours/week
  • N/A

Question 27

Question
How many hours of VIGOROUS INTENSITY exercise is recommended for GENERAL HEALTH (<65yo)?
Answer
  • 2½ – 5 hours/week
  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week
  • > 4 hours/week
  • N/A

Question 28

Question
How many hours of MODERATE INTENSITY exercise is recommended for WEIGHT LOSS?
Answer
  • 2½ – 5 hours/week
  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week
  • > 4 hours/week
  • N/A

Question 29

Question
How many hours of MODERATE INTENSITY exercise is recommended for GENERAL HEALTH (<65yo)?
Answer
  • 2½ – 5 hours/week
  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week
  • > 4 hours/week
  • N/A
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