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GAB - Locomotion

Description

MCQ covering locomotion lectures taught during the Graduate Accelerated course at RVC.
Marina Martins
Quiz by Marina Martins, updated more than 1 year ago
Marina Martins
Created by Marina Martins almost 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which of the following does NOT contain fibrocartilage?
Answer
  • temperomandibular joint
  • Intervertebral disc
  • Sutures
  • Joint menisci

Question 2

Question
Which of the following is considered a synchondrosis?
Answer
  • Growth plate in a long bone
  • Joint between horse metacarpals
  • Periodontal ligament
  • Stifle joint

Question 3

Question
Which of the following is a gomphosis?
Answer
  • Periodontal ligament
  • Joint between horse metacarpals
  • Stifle joint
  • Temporomandibular joint
  • Growth plate on a long bone

Question 4

Question
Synovial fluid is produced by which cells?
Answer
  • Tenocytes
  • Type A synoviocytes
  • Type B synoviocytes
  • Chondrocytes

Question 5

Question
Which of the following is TRUE regarding synovial fluid?
Answer
  • Type A synoviocytes are macrophage-like and destroy any debris
  • It contains a basement membrane
  • Has a high number of leukocytes
  • Tenocytes are responsible for producing the synovial fluid

Question 6

Question
Articular cartilage mostly contains what type of collagen?
Answer
  • Type !!
  • Type I
  • Type III

Question 7

Question
In which articular cartilage zone would you expect to find older chondrocytes?
Answer
  • superficial zone
  • mid zone
  • deep zone

Question 8

Question
In which articular cartilage zone would the collagen be arranged parallel to the articular surface?
Answer
  • superficial zone
  • mid zone
  • deep zone

Question 9

Question
Which of the following is an extracellular protein in articular cartilage that is negatively charged and attracts water?
Answer
  • Proteoglycan
  • Hyaluronic Acid
  • Glycoproteins

Question 10

Question
Perichondrium does not surround which type of cartilage?
Answer
  • Hyaline cartilage
  • Articular cartilage
  • Elastic Cartilage
  • Fibrocartilage

Question 11

Question
Fibrocartilage contains mostly what type of collagen?
Answer
  • Type I
  • Type II
  • Type III

Question 12

Question
Trabeculae is found in which part of the long bone?
Answer
  • cortex
  • medullary cavity
  • epiphyses
  • metaphyses

Question 13

Question
Which bone cell is responsible for secreting osteoid?
Answer
  • Osteoblasts
  • Osteocytes
  • Osteoclasts

Question 14

Question
Which cell maintains the bone matrix?
Answer
  • Osteoblasts
  • Osteoclasts
  • Osteocytes

Question 15

Question
Bone is composed of predominantly
Answer
  • Hydroxyapatite mineral
  • Type I Collagen
  • Type II Collagen
  • Water
  • Proteoglycan

Question 16

Question
When mechanical stress causes a net change in a bone's shape, this is known as
Answer
  • Modelling
  • Remodelling

Question 17

Question
Direct bone healing involves what type of osteon?
Answer
  • primary
  • secondary

Question 18

Question
Which type of ossification involves no cartilage template?
Answer
  • Intramembranous ossification
  • Endochondral ossification

Question 19

Question
Long bones form via
Answer
  • Endochondral ossification
  • Intramembranous ossification

Question 20

Question
Which hormone would inhibit osteoclasts?
Answer
  • Parathyroid hormone
  • Vitamin D
  • Calcitonin

Question 21

Question
Tendons are composed of mainly
Answer
  • Water
  • Type I Collagen
  • Proteoglycan
  • Hydroxyapatite material
  • Type II Collagen

Question 22

Question
Which of the following contains mostly type II collagen?
Answer
  • Fibrocartilage
  • Articular Cartilage
  • Tendon
  • Bone

Question 23

Question
Satellite cells are responsible for
Answer
  • repairing muscle cells
  • generating synovial fluid
  • phagocytosing any debris in the synovium
  • innervating extrafusal muscle fibres

Question 24

Question
In which region of the stress/strain curve does crimp straighten?
Answer
  • Toe region
  • Elastic region
  • Yield point
  • Rupture

Question 25

Question
Molecules become distorted in which region of the strain/stress curve?
Answer
  • Toe Region
  • Elastic Region
  • Yield Point
  • Rupture

Question 26

Question
Which of the following is TRUE regarding tenocytes?
Answer
  • They are hypoxia intolerant
  • They are highly vascular
  • They have a limited ability to remodel
  • Their nuclei are all uniform in shape

Question 27

Question
The attachment of a tendon onto a bone is known as a(n)
Answer
  • bursa
  • enthesis
  • hysteresis
  • fasciculus

Question 28

Question
Which of the following muscles has a mostly pennate arrangement?
Answer
  • pectoral
  • serratus ventralis
  • brachiocephalicus
  • latissimus dorsi

Question 29

Question
Which type of muscle arrangement has more sarcomeres?
Answer
  • Parallel
  • Pennate

Question 30

Question
Which of the following muscles would likely have the longest fascicle length?
Answer
  • Superficial digital flexor
  • Rectus Femoris
  • Sartorius

Question 31

Question
What type of muscle insertion would generate more force?
Answer
  • Proximal insertion
  • Distal insertion

Question 32

Question
What type of posture would generate the most speed?
Answer
  • Unguligrade
  • Digitigrade
  • Plantigrade

Question 33

Question
Which of the following is FALSE regarding cardiac muscle?
Answer
  • cardiomyocytes are connected via intercalated discs
  • it is multinucleated
  • it contains adherens junctions which are mechanical connections
  • it contains gap junctions which are electrical connections

Question 34

Question
A sarcomere is defined as the distance from
Answer
  • Z disc to Z disc
  • M line to Z disc
  • A-band to I-band

Question 35

Question
Myosin filaments are joined at the
Answer
  • M line
  • Z disc
  • A disc
  • I-line

Question 36

Question
What is known as the thin filament?
Answer
  • Sarcomere
  • Myosin
  • Actin

Question 37

Question
Which muscle fiber type has a low myosin ATPase activity?
Answer
  • Slow Oxidative (Type 1)
  • Fast Oxidative Glycolytic (Type 2a)
  • Fast Glycolytic (Type 2b)

Question 38

Question
Which muscle fiber type appears darker?
Answer
  • Type 1
  • Type 2a
  • Type 2b

Question 39

Question
An increase in resistance training would cause what type of muscle adaption?
Answer
  • hypertrophy of Type 1 fibers
  • hypertrophy of Type 2 fibers

Question 40

Question
Proprioceptors are NOT found in
Answer
  • Skin
  • Tendon
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Bone

Question 41

Question
An alpha motor neuron innervates
Answer
  • extrafusal fibers or normal muscle fibers
  • intrafusal fibers or muscle spindles
  • extrafusal fibers or muscle spindles
  • intrafusal fibers or normal muscle fibers

Question 42

Question
The disynpatic reflex results in
Answer
  • inhibition of alpha motor neurons
  • excitation of alpha motor neurons
  • inhibition of gamma motor neurons

Question 43

Question
The navicular bone is also known as the
Answer
  • distal sessamoid bone
  • proximal sessamoid bone
  • distal phalanx
  • middle phalanx
  • proximal phalanx

Question 44

Question
The coffin joint is also known as the
Answer
  • metacarpophalangeal joint
  • proximal interphalangeal joint
  • distal interphalangeal joint

Question 45

Question
The pastern joint is also known as the...
Answer
  • metacarpophalangeal joint
  • proximal interphalangeal joint
  • distal interphalangeal joint

Question 46

Question
A synovial space exists between the navicular bone and the...
Answer
  • deep digital flexor
  • superficial digital flexor
  • suspensory ligament
  • distal seasamoidean ligament

Question 47

Question
The hoof wall generates from the...
Answer
  • coronary band
  • perioplic corium
  • lamellar corium
  • solar corium

Question 48

Question
Regeneration of the hoof wall involves uncoupling of the...
Answer
  • primary epidermal lamellae with the secondary epidermal lamellae
  • primary epidermal lamellae with the primary dermal lamellae
  • primary dermal lamellae with the secondary dermal lamellae
  • secondary epidermal lamellae with the secondary dermal lamellae

Question 49

Question
Laminitis is caused by...
Answer
  • the closure of AVA in the capillary network in the primary dermal lamellae
  • the opening of AVA in the capillary network in the primary dermal lamellae
  • the closure of AVA in the capillary network in the primary epidermal lamellae
  • the opening of AVA in the capillary network in the primary epidermal lamellae
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