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BVetMed3: Icterus and Hepatic Encephalopathy

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MCQ
Marina Martins
Quiz by Marina Martins, updated more than 1 year ago
Marina Martins
Created by Marina Martins about 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Most of the oxygen to the liver is delivered by the
Answer
  • bile duct
  • hepatic artery
  • portal vein
  • hepatic vein

Question 2

Question
Bile is produced in the [blank_start]canaliculi[blank_end] and flows in the [blank_start]opposite[blank_end] direction into bile ducts.
Answer
  • canaliculi
  • opposite

Question 3

Question
Which hepatic zone is usually the worst affected by disease?
Answer
  • periportal
  • midzonal
  • centrilobular
  • centroacinar

Question 4

Question
Vacuolar hepatopathies are usually
Answer
  • zonal
  • diffuse
  • focal
  • random

Question 5

Question
Which disease process can cause this degenerative change in the liver?
Image:
Lipidosis (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Pregnancy toxaemia
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Starvation
  • Haemorrhage

Question 6

Question
Ischaemia usually causes which pattern of injury in the liver?
Answer
  • Random
  • Focal
  • Zonal
  • Massive

Question 7

Question
An enhanced lobular pattern aka a "nutmeg liver" is often indicative of
Answer
  • passive venous congestion
  • diabetes mellitus
  • icterus
  • hepatitis

Question 8

Question
Inflammation of only the liver parenchyma is known as
Answer
  • cholangitis
  • hepatitis
  • cholangiohepatitis

Question 9

Question
Which of the following is NOT a viral hepatitis?
Answer
  • Canine Infectious Hepatitis
  • Aujeszky's disease
  • Feline Infectious Peritonitis
  • Tyzzer's disease

Question 10

Question
Which of the following is the most common route of infection in bacterial hepatitis?
Answer
  • direct extension
  • haematogenous
  • abcessation

Question 11

Question
Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of infectious canine hepatitis?
Answer
  • long-term urine shedding
  • widespread haemorrhage
  • enlarge lymph nodes
  • aborted neonates/foetuses

Question 12

Question
Fusobacterium necrophorum often causes liver abscesses and necrosis in which animal?
Answer
  • Sheep
  • Dogs
  • Cattle
  • Pigs

Question 13

Question
Which type of bacterial hepatitis affects both sheep and cattle and causes clinical signs such as anaemia, jaundice or haemoglobinuria?
Answer
  • Clostridium novyi
  • Clostridium haemolyticum
  • Clostridium piliforme
  • Salmonellosis

Question 14

Question
Hepatocytes in nodular hyperplasia are often
Answer
  • larger and contain less glycogen
  • larger and contain more glycogen
  • smaller and contain more glycogen
  • smaller and contain less glycogen

Question 15

Question
Haemangiosarcomas have a predilection for metastasizing
Answer
  • the spleen
  • the left auricle
  • the gallbladder
  • the right auricle
  • pancreas

Question 16

Question
A calf is presented with polyphagia, loss of condition and diarrhea. It has a lack of abdominal fat but appears pot-bellied. No other calves in the farm are affected. This can be explained by...
Answer
  • Pancreatitis
  • Pancreatic hypoplasia
  • Salmonellosis
  • Clostridium haemolyticum
  • Pancreatic hyperplasia

Question 17

Question
Fat necrosis or saponification is characteristic of
Answer
  • pancreatitis
  • pancreatic hyperplasia
  • pancreatic neoplasia
  • cholecystitis

Question 18

Question
Which of the following drugs is safe to give to a dog with liver disease?
Answer
  • phenobarbitone
  • caroprofen
  • sulphonamides
  • gabapentin

Question 19

Question
Bilirubin is NOT derived from
Answer
  • haemoglobin
  • myoglobin
  • heme-containing liver enzymes
  • albumin

Question 20

Question
Unconjugated bilirubin travels through the body bound to
Answer
  • albumin
  • globulin
  • haemoglobin
  • iron

Question 21

Question
Haemopoietic jaundice is also known as
Answer
  • prehepatic jaundice
  • hepatic jaundice
  • hepatobiliary jaundice
  • posthepative jaundice

Question 22

Question
Haemopoietic jaundice ALWAYS results in
Answer
  • non-regenerative anemia
  • regenerative anemia
  • hyperalbuminea
  • increased ALT and ALP values

Question 23

Question
Which of the following can cause hepatic jaundice in dogs?
Answer
  • adenovirus
  • pancreatitis
  • salmonellosis
  • bile duct obstruction

Question 24

Question
It can be normal to find mild bilirubinuria (2+) in healthy cats.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
A 4 month old kitten is presented with head pressing, wall seeking, hypersalivation and polyuria/polydipsia. It is also very small for its age. Clinical pathology shows a decrease in serum albumin and globulin. This suggests the kitten has
Answer
  • hepatic encephalopathy
  • horner's syndrome
  • haemopoietic jaundice
  • pancreatitis

Question 26

Question
Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign of hepatic encephalopathy?
Answer
  • erythrocyte macrocytosis
  • ammmonium biurate crystalluria
  • seizures
  • increased aggression
  • hypersalivation

Question 27

Question
A cat with hepatic encephalopathy is more likely to have which type of shunt?
Answer
  • congenital extrahepatic shunt
  • congenital intrahepatic shunt
  • acquired extrahepatic shunt
  • acquired intraphepatic shunt

Question 28

Question
Which type of bacterial hepatic disease is identifiable by its "wheat sheaf" appearance of bacterial colonies?
Answer
  • Tyzzers diseases
  • Salmonellosis
  • Black disease
  • Fusobacterium necrophorum

Question 29

Question
Which of the following is NOT a common complaint in horses with liver disease?
Answer
  • icterus
  • weight loss
  • anorexia
  • depression

Question 30

Question
Which of the following is characteristic of stage 2 hepatic encephalopathy in horses?
Answer
  • subtle mental impairment
  • somnolence and aggressive behavior
  • coma
  • impaired motor function and consciousness

Question 31

Question
How many stages are there of HE?
Answer
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5

Question 32

Question
Which of the following is NOT a primary mechanism that causes CNS dysfunction in hepatic disease?
Answer
  • GIT derived neurotoxins
  • Altered amino acid metabolism
  • Altered GABA-glutumate neurotransmission
  • Increased blood brain permeability
  • Decreased endogenous benzodiazipines

Question 33

Question
Which of the following liver specific enzyme is NOT useful in diagnosing hepatic disease in the horse?
Answer
  • ALT
  • GGT
  • SDH
  • AST

Question 34

Question
Which liver specific enzyme has the highest sensitivity for equine liver disease?
Answer
  • GGT
  • ALT
  • SDH
  • AST

Question 35

Question
Which enzyme is specific for both muscle tissue and liver tissue?
Answer
  • AST
  • GGT
  • SDH
  • ALP

Question 36

Question
Which of the following enzymes is considered least specific for equine liver disease?
Answer
  • ALP
  • AST
  • GGT
  • SDH

Question 37

Question
Which of the following is considered a minor liver function test in horses?
Answer
  • Blood Urea Nitrogen
  • Bilirubin
  • Ammonia
  • Bile Acid
  • Glucose
  • Albumin

Question 38

Question
Which of the following could cause an increased amount of conjugated bilirubin?
Answer
  • anorexia
  • haemolysis
  • cholestasis
  • hemorrhage

Question 39

Question
Which of the following is NOT a common feature of acute equine hepatic disease?
Answer
  • polycythemia
  • coagulation abnormalities
  • hypoalbuminemia
  • hypoglycemia

Question 40

Question
Increased bilirubin in a horse's urine is possibly indicative of
Answer
  • hemolysis
  • cholestasis
  • anorexia
  • hemorrhage

Question 41

Question
Megalocytosis is a key feature of
Answer
  • pyrrolidizine alkaloid toxicity (ragwort)
  • Tyzzer's disease
  • Cholangiohepatitis
  • Theiler's disease

Question 42

Question
Which hepatic disease is commonly associated with administration of tetanus antitoxin?
Answer
  • Theiler's Disease
  • Pyrrolidizine Alkaloid Toxicity (Ragwort)
  • Tyzzer's disease
  • Cholangiohepatitis

Question 43

Question
Which of the following would you use to sedate a horse in acute liver failure?
Answer
  • Sarmazenil (inverse benzodiazepine receptor agonist)
  • Diazepam (augments GAPA receptors)
  • Acepromazine (lowers seizure threshold)

Question 44

Question
Insulin inhibits the activity of which enzyme?
Answer
  • Lipoprotein Lipase
  • HSL
  • ALP
  • ALT

Question 45

Question
Which of the following is indicative of hepatocellular damage rather than function?
Answer
  • AST
  • bilirubin
  • albumin
  • urea
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