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Chapter 11

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Biochemistry
Amy Arce
Quiz by Amy Arce, updated more than 1 year ago
Amy Arce
Created by Amy Arce over 8 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 2

Question
A key component of cartilage are molecules called
Answer
  • glycosaminoglycans
  • glycans
  • glycogylcans
  • aminoglycans

Question 3

Question
The smallest monosaccharides are composed of [blank_start]three[blank_end] carbons
Answer
  • three

Question 4

Question
glycosaminoglycans , large polymers made up of many repeats of dimers
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 5

Question
Name six common monosaccharides
Answer
  • D-Ribose
  • D-deoxyribose
  • D-oxy
  • D-glucose
  • D-mannose
  • D-galactose
  • D-lactose
  • D-fructose

Question 6

Question
Glucose is a reducing sugar
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
Glucose can react with hemoglobin, forming
Answer
  • Monossacharides
  • Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c
  • Carbohydrates

Question 8

Question
Hemoglobin A1c allows one to
Answer
  • monitor the long term control of blood glucose levels in diabetics
  • monitor the short term control of blood glucose levels in diabetics

Question 9

Question
Monossacharides are joined to [blank_start]alcohols[blank_end] and [blank_start]amines[blank_end] through [blank_start]glycosidic[blank_end] bonds
Answer
  • alcohols
  • acids
  • amines
  • amino
  • glycosidic
  • glycogen

Question 10

Question
What are key intermediates in energy generation and biosynthesis
Answer
  • Phosphorylates sugars
  • Monossacharides
  • Carbohydrates

Question 11

Question
Phosphorylation is
Answer
  • a common modification of carbohydrates
  • a common modification of sugars
  • makes the sugars anionic and prevents them from leaving the cell
  • facilitates the metabolism of sugars

Question 12

Question
What contains two or more monosaccharies linked by O-glycosidic bonds
Answer
  • Oligosaccharides
  • sucrose
  • lactose
  • disaccharides

Question 13

Question
What are common disaccharides
Answer
  • Sucrose
  • lactose
  • maltose
  • glucose

Question 14

Question
Sucrose is obtained from sugar cane and sugar beets and is composed of
Answer
  • of glucose linked to fructose
  • linked to a glucose by a β-1-4-linkage
  • a degradation product of large oligosaccharides

Question 15

Question
The linkage is α for glucose and β for fructose.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
[blank_start]Sucrose[blank_end] is cleaved by sucrase
Answer
  • Sucrose

Question 17

Question
Lactose is the disaccharide of milk that consists of
Answer
  • a galactose linked to a glucose by a β-1-4-linkage
  • a degradation product of large oligosaccharides
  • the linkage is α for glucose

Question 18

Question
lactase cleaves [blank_start]lactose[blank_end]
Answer
  • lactose

Question 19

Question
Maltose
Answer
  • a degradation product of large oligosaccharides
  • disaccharidee
  • composed of 2 glucose molecules linked by an α-1-4-linkage.
  • disaccharide of milk

Question 20

Question
[blank_start]Maltose[blank_end] is hydrolyzed by maltase
Answer
  • Maltose

Question 21

Question
polysaccharides are
Answer
  • small polyermic oligosaccharides
  • large polymeric oligosaccharides
  • Disaccharides

Question 22

Question
If all of the monosaccharides in the polysaccharide are the same, the polysaccharide is called a [blank_start]homopolymer[blank_end]
Answer
  • homopolymer
  • hyperpolymer

Question 23

Question
The polysaccharide glycogen is the storage form of glucose in plant cells
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
Most glucose units in glycogen are lined by
Answer
  • α-1,4-glycosidic bonds
  • branches formed by α-1,6-glycosidic bonds every 10 glucose units
  • branches formed by α-1,6-glycosidic bonds every 15 glucose units
  • α-1,2-glycosidic bonds

Question 25

Question
In plants, glucose is stored as starch
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
Two forms of glucose are [blank_start]amylose[blank_end] and [blank_start]amylopectin[blank_end]
Answer
  • amylose
  • amylopectin

Question 27

Question
Amylose is a
Answer
  • linear polymer of glucose
  • branched polymer of glucose
  • linked by α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.
  • , with an α-1,6-glycosidic bond for every 30 α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.

Question 28

Question
Amylopectin is
Answer
  • branched polymer of glucose
  • linear polymer of glucose
  • linked by α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.
  • with an α-1,6-glycosidic bond for every 30 α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.

Question 29

Question
cellulose is a structural component of plants made of chains of glucose
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 30

Question
Mammals cannot digest cellulose and other plant fibers, soluble fibers, such as polygalacturonic acid, aid in digestion
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 31

Question
Carbohydrates can be linked to proteins to form [blank_start]glycoproteins[blank_end]
Answer
  • glycoproteins

Question 32

Question
Glycoproteins
Answer
  • largest component by weight
  • Play variety of roles, including membrane proteins
  • Smallest component by weight

Question 33

Question
Erythropoietin
Answer
  • glycoprotein
  • 40 percent carbohydrate by weight
  • secreted into the blood by the kidney to stimulate production of red blood cells
  • secreted into the blood by the kidney to stimulate production of white blood cells

Question 34

Question
glycosylation of erythropoietin enhances the stability of the protein in the blood
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 35

Question
What are the three main classes of glycoproteins
Answer
  • proteoglycans
  • Mucins
  • Mucoproteins
  • Amino proteins

Question 36

Question
Proteoglycans
Answer
  • attached to a particular type of polysaccharide called glycosaminoglycan
  • By weight, mainly carbohydrate
  • By weight, mainly glucose
  • play structural roles
  • act as lubricants

Question 37

Question
Proteoglycans are proteins attached to glycosaminoglycans, which make up 95% of the proteoglycan by weight.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 38

Question
Glycosaminoglycans are composed of
Answer
  • repeating units of a disaccharide, one of which is a derivative of an amino sugar and one of which carries a negative charge, either as a carboxylate or sulfate.
  • repeating units of a monosaccharide, one of which is a derivative of an amino sugar and one of which carries a negative charge, either as a carboxylate or sulfate.
  • repeating units of a disaccharide, one of which is a derivative of an amino sugar and one of which carries a positive charge, either as a carboxylate or sulfate.

Question 39

Question
Proteoglycans are important components of cartilage
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 40

Question
Cartilage is composed of the
Answer
  • proteoglycan aggrecan and collagen
  • glycosaminoglycans
  • chitin

Question 41

Question
The glycosaminoglycan component of aggrecan cushions joints by releasing water on impact, and then rebinding water.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 42

Question
Chitin
Answer
  • glycosaminoglycan
  • found in exoskeleton of insects
  • one of the most abundant carbohydrates in the world
  • Mucins

Question 43

Question
Mucopolysaccharidoses, such as Hurler disease, are
Answer
  • pathological conditions that result from the inability to degrade proteoglycans
  • pathological conditions that result from the inability to degrade glycosaminoglycan
  • pathological conditions that result from the inability to degrade glycogen

Question 44

Question
Mucins or mucoproteins like proteoglycans are predominately carbohydrate
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 45

Question
Mucins or mucoproteins
Answer
  • attach to the carbohydrate by N-acetylgalactosamine
  • Often lubricants
  • adhere to epithelial cells, acting a protective barrier
  • Non lubricants

Question 46

Question
Blood groups are based off what patterns
Answer
  • protein glycosylation
  • Mucoproteins
  • Glycosaminoglycan

Question 47

Question
The human ABO blood groups reflect the specificity of
Answer
  • glycosyltransferases
  • proteoglycans
  • glycosaminoglycan

Question 48

Question
All of the blood groups share the oligosaccharide foundation called A
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 49

Question
In type A blood, N-acetylgalactosamine is
Answer
  • added to the O by a specific glycosyltransferase.
  • added to the A by a specific glycosyltransferase.
  • added to the B by a specific glycosyltransferase.

Question 50

Question
In type B blood, galactose is added by another transferase
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 51

Question
The blood type O, sometimes called H, lacks both the enzymes required to modify the foundation.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 52

Question
[blank_start]Lectins[blank_end] are specific carbohydrate binding proteins
Answer
  • Lectins

Question 53

Question
Influenza virus binds to sialic acid residues
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 54

Question
Some viruses gain entry into cells by
Answer
  • first binding to carbohydrates on the cell surface.
  • first binding to sugars on the cell surface.
  • first binding to proteoglycans on the cell surface.

Question 55

Question
The influenza virus binds to
Answer
  • oligosaccharides composed of sialic acid and galactose.
  • disaccharides composed of sialic acid and galactose.
  • oligosaccharides composed of sialic acid and fructose.
  • disaccharides composed of sialic acid and fructose.

Question 56

Question
What viral protein is responsible for carbohydrate binding
Answer
  • Hemoglobin
  • Hemagglutinin
  • glycoprotein
  • proteoglycan
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