Quiz
The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction - Ch 25
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Questions in this quiz (47)
1A chest radiograph film is ordered for a child with suspected cardiac problems. The child’s parent asks the nurse, “What will the radiograph show about the heart?” The nurse’s response should be based on knowledge that the x-ray film will show:
- Abones of chest but not the heart
- Bmeasurement of electrical potential generated from heart muscle
- Cpermanent record of heart size and configuration
- Dcomputerized image of heart vessels and tissues
2The nurse is assessing a child after a cardiac catheterization. Which complication should the nurse be assessing for?
- Acardiac arrhythmia
- Bhypostatic pneumonia
- Cheart failure
- Drapidly increasing blood pressure
3José is a 4-year-old child scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Preoperative teaching should be:
- Adirected at his parents because he is too young to understand
- Bdetailed in regard to the actual procedures so he will know what to expect
- Cdone several days before the procedure so that he will be prepared
- Dadapted to his level of development so that he can understand
4Which explanation regarding cardiac catheterization is appropriate for a preschool child?
- APostural drainage will be performed every 4 to 6 hours after the test.
- BIt is necessary to be completely “asleep” during the test.
- CThe test is short, usually taking less than 1 hour.
- DWhen the procedure is done, you will have to keep your leg straight for at least 4 hours.
5The nurse is caring for a school-age child who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the nurse that the bandage is “too wet.” The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood. The most appropriate initial nursing action is to:
- Anotify physician
- Bapply new bandage with more pressure
- Cplace the child in Trendelenburg position
- Dapply direct pressure above catheterization site
6The nurse is preparing an adolescent for discharge after a cardiac catheterization. Which statement by the adolescent would indicate a need for further teaching?
- A“I should avoid tub baths but may shower.”
- B“I have to stay on strict bed rest for 3 days.”
- C“I should remove the pressure dressing the day after the procedure.”
- D“I may attend school but should avoid exercise for several days.”
7Surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus would:
- Astop the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation
- Bdecrease the edema in legs and feet
- Cincrease the oxygenation of blood
- Dprevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs
8Which defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow?
- Apulmonic stenosis
- Btricuspid atresia
- Catrial septal defect
- Dtransposition of the great arteries
9The nurse is conducting a staff in-service on congenital heart defects. Which structural defect constitutes tetralogy of Fallot?
- APulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy
- BAortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy
- CAortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy
- DPulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy
10A nurse is teaching nursing students the physiology of congenital heart defects. Which defect results in decreased pulmonary blood flow?
- Aatrial septal defect
- Btetralogy of Fallot
- Cventricular septal defect
- Dpatent ductus arteriosis
11Which is best described as the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures?
- Apulmonary congestion
- Bcongenital heart defect
- Cheart failure
- Dsystemic venous congestion
12Which is a clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with heart failure?
- Atachypnea
- Btachycardia
- Cperipheral edema
- Dpale, cool extremities
13The nurse is preparing to administer a dose of digoxin (Lanoxin) to a child in heart failure (HF). Which is a beneficial effect of administering digoxin (Lanoxin)?
- AIt decreases edema.
- BIt decreases cardiac output.
- CIt increases heart size.
- DIt increases venous pressure.
14A nurse is preparing to administer an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Which drug should the nurse be administering?
- Acaptopril (Capoten)
- Bfurosemide (Lasix)
- Cspironolactone (Aldactone)
- Dchlorothiazide (Diuril)
15An 8-year-old child is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse should notify the practitioner and withhold the medication if the apical pulse is less than _____ beats/min.
- A60
- B70
- C90
- D100
16A 6-month-old infant is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse should notify the practitioner and withhold the medication if the apical pulse is less than _____ beats/min.
- A60
- B70
- C90 to 110
- D110 to 120
17The nurse is teaching parents about signs of digoxin (Lanoxin) toxicity. Which is a common sign of digoxin toxicity?
- Aseizures
- Bvomiting
- Cbradypnea
- Dtachycardia
18The parents of a young child with heart failure tell the nurse that they are “nervous” about giving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse’s response should be based on which statement?
- AIt is a safe, frequently used drug.
- BIt is difficult to either overmedicate or undermedicate with digoxin.
- CParents lack the expertise necessary to administer digoxin.
- DParents must learn specific, important guidelines for administration of digoxin.
19The nurse is talking to a parent of an infant with heart failure about feeding the infant. Which statement about feeding the child is correct?
- A“You may need to increase the caloric density of your infant’s formula.”
- B“You should feed your baby every 2 hours.”
- C“You may need to increase the amount of formula your infant eats with each feeding.”
- D“You should place a nasal oxygen cannula on your infant during and after each feeding.”
20As part of the treatment for heart failure, the child takes the diuretic furosemide (Lasix). As part of teaching home care, the nurse encourages the family to give the child foods such as bananas, oranges, and leafy vegetables. These foods are recommended because they are high in:
- Achlorides
- Bpotassium
- Csodium
- Dvitamins
21An 8-month-old infant has a hypercyanotic spell while blood is being drawn. The nurse’s first action should be to:
- Aassess for neurologic defects.
- Bplace the child in the knee-chest position
- Cbegin cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- Dprepare family for imminent death
22The nurse is caring for a child with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect. The nurse recognizes that a risk exists of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes). Which is an important objective to decrease this risk?
- AMinimize seizures
- BPrevent dehydration
- CPromote cardiac output
- DReduce energy expenditure
23Parents of a 3-year-old child with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion. The nurse’s reply should be based on which statement?
- AChild needs opportunities to play with peers.
- BChild needs to understand that peers' activities are too strenuous.
- CParents can meet all of the child's needs.
- DConstant parental supervision is needed to avoid overexertion.
24Which should the nurse consider when preparing a school-age child and the family for heart surgery?
- AUnfamiliar equipment should not be shown.
- BLet child hear the sounds of an ECG monitor.
- CAvoid mentioning postoperative discomfort and interventions.
- DExplain that an endotracheal tube will not be needed if the surgery goes well.
25Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery, a young child has a temperature of 101° F. Which action should the nurse take?
- AKeep child warm with blankets.
- BApply a hypothermia blanket.
- CRecord temperature on nurses' notes.
- DReport findings to physician.
26Which is an important nursing consideration when suctioning a young child who has had heart surgery?
- APerform suctioning at least every hour.
- BSuction for no longer than 30 seconds at a time.
- CAdminister supplemental oxygen before and after suctioning.
- DExpect symptoms of respiratory distress when suctioning.
27The nurse is caring for a child after heart surgery. Which should the nurse do if evidence is found of cardiac tamponade?
- AIncrease analgesia.
- BApply warming blankets.
- CImmediately report this to physician.
- DEncourage child to cough, turn, and breathe deeply.
28Which is an important nursing consideration when chest tubes will be removed from a child?
- AExplain that it is not painful.
- BExplain that only a Band-Aid will be needed.
- CAdminister analgesics before procedure.
- DExpect bright red drainage for several hours after removal.
29Which is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis?
- AStaphylococcus albus
- BStreptococcus hemolyticus
- CStaphylococcus albicans
- DStreptococcus viridans
30Which painful, tender, pea-sized nodules may appear on the pads of the fingers or toes in bacterial endocarditis?
- AOsler nodes
- BJaneway lesions
- CSubcutaneous nodules
- DAshcoff nodes
31The primary nursing intervention to prevent bacterial endocarditis is to:
- Ainstitute measures to prevent dental procedures
- Bcounsel parents of high-risk children about prophylactic antibiotics
- Cobserve children for complications, such as embolism and heart failure
- Dencourage restricted mobility in susceptible children
32Which is a common, serious complication of rheumatic fever?
- Aseizures
- Bcardiac arrhythmias
- Cpulmonary hypertension
- Dcardiac valve damage
33The nurse is conducting a staff in-service on childhood-acquired heart diseases. Which is a major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever?
- Apolyarthritis
- BOsler nodes
- CJaneway spots
- DSplinter hemorrhages of distal third of nails
34The nurse is admitting a child with rheumatic fever. Which therapeutic management should the nurse expect to implement?
- Aadministering penicillin
- Bavoiding salicylates (aspirin)
- Cimposing strict bed rest for 4 to 6 weeks
- Dadministering corticosteroids if chorea develops
35Which action by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever?
- Aencourage routine cholesterol screenings
- Bconduct routine blood pressure screenings
- Crefer children with sore throats for throat cultures
- Drecommend salicylates instead of acetaminophen for minor discomforts
36When discussing hyperlipidemia with a group of adolescents, the nurse should explain that cardiovascular disease can be prevented by high levels of:
- Acholesterol
- Btriglycerides
- Clow-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
- Dhigh-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
37Which is the leading cause of death after heart transplantation?
- Ainfection
- Brejection
- Ccardiomyopathy
- Dheart failure
38When caring for the child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse should know which information?
- AA child's fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours.
- BThe principal area of involvement is the joints.
- CAspirin is contraindicated.
- DTherapeutic management includes administration of gamma globulin and aspirin.
39The nurse is teaching nursing students about shock that occurs in children. One of the most frequent causes of hypovolemic shock in children is:
- Asepsis
- Bblood loss
- Canaphylaxis
- Dcongenital heart disease
40Which type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks, which may occur with drug or latex allergy?
- Aneurogenic
- Bcardiogenic
- Chypovolemic
- Danaphylactic
41Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to see as shock progresses in a child and becomes decompensated shock?
- Athirst
- Birritability
- Capprehension
- Dconfusion and somnolence
42Which occurs in septic shock?
- Ahypothermia
- Bincreased cardiac output
- Cvasoconstriction
- Dangioneurotic edema
43A child is brought to the emergency department experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting. While an airway is being established, the nurse should prepare which medication for immediate administration?
- Adiphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- Bdobutamine (Dobutarex)
- Cepinephrine (Adrenalin)
- Dcalcium chloride (calcium chloride)
44Clinical manifestations of toxic shock syndrome include:
- Asevere hypertension
- Bsubnormal temperature
- Cerythamatous macular rash
- Dpapular rash over extremities
45A preschool child is scheduled for an echocardiogram. Parents ask the nurse whether they can hold the child during the procedure. The nurse should answer with which response?
- A“You will be able to hold your child during the procedure.”
- B“Your child can be active during the procedure, but can’t sit in your lap.”
- C“Your child must lie quietly; sometimes a mild sedative is administered before the procedure.”
- D“The procedure is invasive so your child will be restrained during the echocardiogram.”
46The nurse is caring for an infant with congestive heart disease (CHD). The nurse should plan which intervention to decrease cardiac demands?
- AOrganize nursing activities to allow for uninterrupted sleep.
- BAllow the infant to sleep through feedings during the night.
- CWait for the infant to cry to show definite signs of hunger.
- DDiscourage parents from rocking the infant.
47The nurse is admitting a child with coarctation of the aorta. Which figure depicts this congenital heart defect?
- A
- B
- C
- D
- A
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- Quiz on The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction - Ch 25, created by Jessica Levine on 10/10/2016.
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- Jessica Levine
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