Karteikarten
Memory - Lecture 8
Karten in diesem Stapel (20)
- 1Who conducted a range of studies into memory using himself as a subject and plotted a number of learning and forgetting curves? He was especially interested in nonsense syllables.Ebbinhaus (1885)
- 2Who suffers from severe anterograde amnesia and partial retrograde amnesia?Clive Wearing
- 3Who developed the Multi store model?Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
- 4What evidence is there for a visual sensory store?Visual persistence
- 5What did Sperling (1960) study?visual persistence. 1st condition observers could report 37% of items, second condition observers could report 82%
- 6Three properties of the sensory memory store?High capacity
Short lived
Transfers a short amount to STM through attention - 7What are the key pieces of evidence for seperate LTM and STM stores?Primacy and recency effect
Case studies such as Clive Wearing and HM - 8What are the functions of STM according to Atkinson and Shiffrin's multi-store modelMaintain recently acquired information for immediate use
Hold information temporarily to increase transfer to the LTM - 9Properties of STMLimited capacity - Miller (1956) 7+- 2 items
Information decays over time
Unrehearsed duration <30 seconds - 10What study did Peterson and Peterson (1959) carry out to investigate the duration of STMParticipants encoded a trigram (eg. DPH) then counted backwards in 3's and asked to recall the trigram after increasing intervals
3 secs 80% correct 18 secs 10% correct - 11What is proactive interferenceInformation displacement/loss due to
competition from other items - 12Who conducted this study? What did they do?Wickens et al 1976
- 13What are the 3 main components of Baddley and Hitch's (1974) WMMCentral executive
Phonological loop
Visuo-spatial sketchpad - 14Name two functions of the Visuo-Spatial sketchpadHolds visual and spatial information in
memory
Can manipulate images in two and three
dimensions - 15What are the two components of the phonological loop?Phonological store
Articulatory control - 16What does the phonological store do?Retains speech-based information
Fades ~2 seconds unless refreshed - 17What does the articulatory control do?Refreshes traces in phonological store
(the active part)
Translates visual (spatial and object)
inputs into speech-based codes - 18How was the phonological similarity effect studied?Participants learn 3 different word lists, immediate recall
Supports a system specialized for language
- 19What are the two roles of the central executive?Focusing attention on relevant information and inhibiting irrelevant information
Scheduling processes in complex tasks, which require switching attention - 20How is long term memory organised?Declarative (episodic and semantic) and
non-declarative memory (priming and procedural)
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Degree Psychology (Psychology of the Individual) Karteikarten am Memory - Lecture 8, erstellt von Georgina Burchell am 28/04/2016.
- Erstellt von
- Georgina Burchell
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