Karteikarten
Nervous system functioning terms
Karten in diesem Stapel (34)
- 1Nervous systemnetwork of neurons that receives, processes and coordinates a response to information
- 2Central nervous systemcomprises of the brain and spinal cord which transmits information to and from the PNS
- 3Peripheral Nervous SystemEntire network of neurons outside the CNS which transmits information to and from the CNS
- 4Somatic Nervous SystemA subdivision of the PNS which carries sensory information to the CNS and carries motor information from the CNS.
- 5Autonomic nervous systemsubdivision of the peripheral nervous system which connects the CNS to the body's internal organs and glands, providing feedback to the brain about their activities
- 6Sympathetic Nervous SystemA division of the autonomic nervous system that activates internal muscles, organs and glands to prepare the body for action
- 7parasympathetic nervous systema division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body after action and keeps the body functioning effectively
- 8flight-fight-freeze responseAn automatic, involuntary physical response to a sudden and immediate threat, activated by the sympathetic nervous system in readiness to confront it (fight), run away from it safely (flight) or stay absolutely still and silent (freeze)
- 9homeostasismaintaining equilibrium
- 10soma(cell body)integrates neural information received from dendrites and sends it to the axon
- 11dendritesthin extension of a neuron that receives information from surrounding neurons and transmits it to the soma
- 12interneuronrelays information between sensory and motor neurons
- 13motor neuroncarries messages from the CNS to the cells in the skeletal muscles, organs and glands to stimulate activity
- 14myelinwhite, fatty substance covering the axon which speeds up neural transmission and prevents interference from the activity of other nearby neurons.
- 15neuronindividual nerve cell
- 16receptor sitepart of the neuron that receives and interprets neural information from other neurons to transmit information towards the brain and nervous system
- 17sensory neuronreceives sensory information from both the external and internal environments and carries it to the CNS
- 18Spinal corda long, thin bundle of nerve tissue that extends from the base of the brain to the lower back; which connects the brain with the PNS
- 19Spinal reflexThe spinal reflex is an unconscious, involuntary response to stimuli, initiated by the spinal cord without involvement of the brain.
- 20axona single, tubelike, extension that transmits neural information to other neurons or cells
- 21axon terminalstructure at the end of an axon collateral which stores neurotransmitters and sends chemical messages to other neutrons or cells.
- 22nucleuscentre of the soma containing DNA
- 23synapsethe junction between two neurons where the end of the axon of the presynaptic neuron comes into close proximity
- 24synaptic transmissionthe passage of a neural impulse across a synapse from one neuron o the other
- 25neurotransmittersa chemical substance produced by a neuron that carries a message to other neurons or cells in muscles organs or other tissue.
- 26synaptic gapthe space between the terminal buttons of one neuron
- 27excitatory effectcause a neuron to fire and hence stimulate a response
- 28inhibitory effectstop a neuron from firing and hence inhibit a response
- 29glutamatean excitatory neurotransmitter essential for memory formation and learning
- 30GABAAn inhibitory neurotransmitter essential for motor control, vision and decreasing anxiety
- 31lock and key processthe shape of the neurotransmitter (key) must precisely match the shape of the receptor site on the post-synaptic neuron's dendrites into to bind to it's receptors. The binding 'unlocks' the post-synaptic neutrons response resulting in either an inhibitory or excitatory effect.
- 32Parkinson's diseasea neurodegenerative disorder resulting in a progressive decline of the nervous system characterised by tremor and muscle rigidity.
- 33conscious responsea conscious response is one that a person is aware of and has some degree of control over.
- 34unconscious responsean automatic response to stimuli or a situation in which the individual has no direct control
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- 11 Psychology (UNIT 3- AOS 1) Karteikarten am Nervous system functioning terms, erstellt von Bonnie McDonald am 22/01/2017.
- Erstellt von
- Bonnie McDonald · Jan 2017
- Aktualisiert
- 16 Mär 2017
- Aufrufe
- 11
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