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Working memory model flashcards
Karten in diesem Stapel (21)
- 1Who proposed the working memory model (WMM) + in what year?Baddeley + Hitch
1974 - 2What is the WMM an update of?Short term memory
- 3What does the WMM propose?Proposes that the STM store is an active processor
STM is not a unitary store but rather a flexible + complex system consisting of several components - 4What components does the WMM consist of?Central executive
Episodic buffer
Visuo-spatial sketchpad
Phonological loop - 5Describe the central executiveThe supervisory component
Decides which info is + is not attended to
Limited capacity + can only attend to a limited number of things at one time - 6Describe the phonological loopAlso known as the 'inner-voice'
Limited capacity
Temporary memory storage system which holds verbal info in a speech-based form
Consists of the phonological store + the articulatory process - 7Describe the phonological storeShort-term storage system
- 8Describe the articulatory processActive rehearsal system
Allows info to be kept in memory by sub-vocal repetition - 9Describe the visuo-spatial sketchpadAlso known as the 'inner eye'
Limited capacity
Temporary memory storage system that helps people navigate + interact with their physical environment
Consists of visual cache + inner scribe - 10Describe the visual cacheA temporary visual store
- 11Describe the inner scribeActs as a rehearsal mechanism
- 12Describe the episodic bufferThe third 'slave' system
Added to the model in 2000
Temporary store responsible for integrating the visual, spatial + verbal info from the other stores
Limited capacity of about 4 chunks - 13Evaluation of the WMM Strength 1. Procedure1. Supportive evidence from dual task studies (Baddeley et al)
Condition 1 : 2x visual imagery task
Condition 2 : 1x visual imagery task + 1x verbal task - 14. . . Strength 1. FindingsPpts found it more difficult to carry out the 2 visual tasks (condition 1) than the visual + the verbal task (condition 2)
- 15. . . Strength 1. ConclusionPpts found condition 1 harder because the 2 tasks were competing for the same limited resources of the visuo-spatial sketchpad
They found condition 2 easier because they were using separate resources of the visuo-spatial sketchpad + the phonological loop
Supports idea there are separate components in the working memory - 16Evaluation of the WMM Strength 2.2. Further support from case studies
Patient K.F suffered brain damage
Poor STM ability for verbal info but could process visual info
Suggests just phonological loop damaged, so provides evidence for different stores
However, evidence from unique case that may not generalise to whole population - 17Evaluation of the WMM Strength 3.3. Model has practical applications
Working memory capacity can be used to measure suitability for certain jobs
E.g. US air force use working memory capacity to assess pilots - 18. . . Strength 3.Furthermore, model allowed us to understand + explain processing deficits like reading difficulties
Therefore offers possible routes to strategies to help people with conditions like dyslexia - 19Evaluation of the WMM Strength 4.4. Brain imagine research shows different areas of brain active when performing different types of task
E.g. Frontal lobes - attentional task
Left temporal lobe - spatial task
Left parietal lobe - verbal task
Supports assumption of different sub-systems for different functions in STM - 20Evaluation of the WMM Weakness 1.1. Model doesn't account for musical memory
Ppts able to listen to instrumental music without impairing performance on other acoustic tasks
This means the model is incomplete - 21Evaluation of the WMM Weakness 2.2. Lack of clarity over central executive
Central executive is most important part yet is the least understood
Its function is vague + difficult to test
This means the WMM has not been fully explained
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- AS level Psychology Karteikarten am Working memory model flashcards, erstellt von jemma bridgwood am 28/03/2017.
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- jemma bridgwood
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